1. In what type of cases is promissory estoppel often used?
    A. Criminal law cases
    B. Contract law cases
    C. Taxation law cases
    D. Labor law cases
    Correct Answer: B. Contract law cases
    Explanation: Promissory estoppel is often used in contract law cases where one party relies on the promise of another party to their detriment.
    Source
  2. What is the objective of the Green Finance Ecosystem?
    A. To support investments in environmentally sustainable projects and activities
    B. To promote the use of fossil fuels
    C. To create a high-carbon, resource-inefficient, and unsustainable economy
    D. None of the above
    Correct Answer: A. To support investments in environmentally sustainable projects and activities
    Explanation: The objective of the Green Finance Ecosystem is to support investments in environmentally sustainable projects and activities. It includes a plethora of financial products, including green bonds, green loans, green insurance, and green funds.
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  3. Which of the following is not an advantage of investing in REITs and InvITs?
    A. Diversifying portfolios by including revenue-generating real estate and infrastructure assets
    B. Diversifying risk from regular asset classes like equity, debt, and gold
    C. Being famous among investors globally
    D. Being a new investment option for mutual funds in India
    Correct Answer: C. Being famous among investors globally.
    Explanation: The fact that REITs and InvITs are famous among investors globally is not an advantage of investing in them. The advantages of investing in REITs and InvITs are that they provide investors with an opportunity to diversify their portfolios, diversify risk from regular asset classes, and are new investment options for mutual funds in India.
    Source
  4. Which Israeli company created the spyware dubbed “KingsPawn”?
    A. QuaDream
    B. Citizen Lab
    C. Microsoft
    D. ENDOFDAYS
    Correct Answer: A. QuaDream
    Explanation: An Israeli company QuaDream is discovered to have created a commercial spyware dubbed “KingsPawn” that targets high-risk individuals’ iPhones using a zero-click exploit called “ENDOFDAYS.”
    Source
  5. What are the applications of the NISAR satellite?
    A. Disaster mapping
    B. Changes in permafrost
    C. Monitoring of global forest resources
    D. All of the above
    Correct Answer: D. All of the above
    Explanation: The NISAR satellite will be used for disaster mapping, monitoring changes in permafrost, and monitoring global forest resources, among other applications. It can provide valuable information for disaster response and management, sustainable development and management of natural resources, and agriculture and food security.
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  6. What is the primary significance of studying Indian Knowledge System (IKS)?
    A. Strengthening our sense of identity
    B. Preparing students for global job markets
    C. Promoting Western knowledge systems
    D. Eliminating traditional practices
    Correct Answer: A. Strengthening our sense of identity
    Explanation: Studying IKS helps young Indians feel connected to their heritage, which, in turn, helps strengthen their sense of identity.
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  7. What is SpaceX’s mission?
    A. To explore the Moon
    B. To provide affordable high-speed internet access
    C. To reduce space transportation costs and enable the colonization of Mars
    D. To conduct research on black holes
    Correct Answer: C. To reduce space transportation costs and enable the colonization of Mars
    Explanation: As mentioned in the essay, SpaceX’s mission is to reduce space transportation costs to enable the colonization of Mars.
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  8. What is the role of the Animal Husbandry Department in the One Health approach?
    A. To provide healthcare services to animals
    B. To promote animal husbandry practices
    C. To monitor and control zoonotic diseases
    D. To promote environmental conservation
    Correct Answer: C. To monitor and control zoonotic diseases
    Explanation: The Animal Husbandry Department plays a crucial role in monitoring and controlling zoonotic diseases, as stated in the essay.
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  9. Which ministry is responsible for the administrative control of SECI?
    A. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
    B. Ministry of Power
    C. Ministry of Finance
    D. Ministry of Coal
    Correct Answer: A. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
    Explanation: SECI is under the administrative control of the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, which was set up on 20th September 2011 to facilitate the implementation of the National Solar Mission.
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  10. Which of the following is a pillar of the Interoperable Criminal Justice System (ICJS)?
    A. e-Prisons for prisons
    B. e-Finance for financial records
    C. e-Transport for transport records
    D. e-Health for medical records
    Correct Answer: A. e-Prisons for prisons
    Explanation: The five pillars of the ICJS are police (through Criminal and Crime Tracking and Network Systems), e-Forensics for forensic labs, e-Courts for courts, e-Prosecution for public prosecutors, and e-Prisons for prisons.
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  11. Which of the following sectors is expected to show a decline in export growth during FY 2022-23?
    A. Gems and jewellery
    B. Pharmaceuticals
    C. Chemicals
    D. Textiles
    Correct Answer: A. Gems and jewellery
    Explanation: The essay states that while overall exports are expected to grow at 13.84% during FY 2022-23, the growth rate for the gems and jewellery sector is projected to decline.
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  12. What is the purpose of the ‘Dekho Apna Desh’ initiative launched by the Ministry of Tourism?
    A. To create awareness about the rich heritage and culture of India
    B. To promote international tourism
    C. To provide employment opportunities for foreign tourists
    D. To encourage citizens to travel abroad
    Correct Answer: A. To create awareness about the rich heritage and culture of India
    Explanation: The ‘Dekho Apna Desh’ initiative was launched with the objective of creating awareness among the citizens about the rich heritage and culture of the country and encouraging citizens to travel within the country.
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  13. Which of the following organizations is responsible for publishing the Global Terrorism Index?
    A. The United Nations
    B. The World Bank
    C. The Institute for Economics and Peace
    D. The International Atomic Energy Agency
    Correct Answer: C. The Institute for Economics and Peace
    Explanation: Global Terrorism Index is published by the Institute for Economics and Peace.
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  14. What are the potential applications of GMR-based devices?
    A. Sensing magnetic fields and data storage
    B. Sensing magnetic fields and biosensors
    C. Data storage and biosensors
    D. Sensing magnetic fields, data storage, biosensors, and medical imaging
    Correct Answer: D. Sensing magnetic fields, data storage, biosensors, and medical imaging.
    Explanation: The essay provides a list of potential applications of GMR-based devices, which include sensing magnetic fields, data storage, biosensors, and medical imaging.
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  15. What is the main reason for the lack of progress in climate talks?
    A. Lack of political will
    B. Differences in economic and political systems
    C. Insufficient scientific knowledge
    D. Lack of cooperation from developing nations
    Correct Answer: A. Lack of political will
    Explanation: The lack of political will is the main reason for the lack of progress in climate talks. It cites the reluctance of major emitters to make significant changes and the focus on short-term economic gains as examples of this lack of political will.
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  16. Which type of species were found to be more common on small floating islands of garbage in the Pacific Ocean?
    A. Coastal species
    B. Pelagic species
    C. Deep-sea creatures
    D. Northwest Pacific species
    Correct Answer: A. Coastal species
    Explanation: Researchers found that coastal species such as arthropods and molluscs were getting by on small floating islands of garbage in the Pacific Ocean. The number of coastal species identified rafting on plastic was over three-times greater than that of pelagic species that normally live in the open ocean.
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  17. Which amendment empowered the Parliament to amend any part of the Constitution including the fundamental rights?
    A. 42nd amendment
    B. 24th amendment
    C. 1st amendment
    D. 9th amendment
    Correct Answer: B. 24th amendment
    Explanation: The 24th amendment passed in 1971 empowered the Parliament to amend any part of the Constitution including the fundamental rights.
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  18. What is the natural habitat of the mangrove pitta bird?
    A. Forests with dense vegetation
    B. Coastal regions with sandy beaches
    C. Mangrove and Nipa palm forests
    D. Tropical rainforests
    Correct Answer: C. Mangrove and Nipa palm forests.
    Explanation: The mangrove pitta bird is native to the subtropical or tropical mangrove forests and Nipa palm stands.
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  19. Which country is providing assistance to Bangladesh in the construction of Rooppur nuclear plant?
    A. Russia
    B. China
    C. India
    D. Japan
    Correct Answer: A. Russia
    Explanation: As mentioned in the essay, Bangladesh is constructing the Rooppur nuclear plant in collaboration with Russia’s state-owned atomic company Rosatom.
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  20. What is the purpose of the Health Claims Exchange?
    A. To increase the cost of processing each claim
    B. To reduce the waiting time for claim processing
    C. To make the claims process more complex
    D. To limit the number of beneficiaries under Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana
    Correct Answer: B. To reduce the waiting time for claim processing
    Explanation: The Health Claims Exchange envisions to standardize the claims process by creating a transparent and rule-based platform that will enable faster claim processing and better patient experience.
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  21. What are the applications of Earth Observation satellites?
    A. Agriculture and mining
    B. Weather forecasting and environmental monitoring
    C. Telecommunications and navigation
    D. Military surveillance and reconnaissance
    Correct Answer: B. Weather forecasting and environmental monitoring
    Explanation: Earth Observation satellites are used for a variety of applications, including weather forecasting, environmental monitoring, and mapping. They provide valuable information about the Earth, such as weather patterns, changes in vegetation, and ocean currents.
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  22. What is the reason for opposition to the reservation of seats for women in Nagaland’s urban local bodies?
    A. Violation of Article 371A provisions
    B. Lack of interest from women
    C. Insufficient funding
    D. Political instability
    Correct Answer: A. Violation of Article 371A provisions
    Explanation: Opponents argue that the reservation of seats for women would violate the special provisions granted by Article 371A of the Constitution to Nagaland.
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  23. What is a civil union?
    A. A legal status that allows same-sex couples specific rights and responsibilities
    B. A type of marriage only available to heterosexual couples
    C. A religious ceremony that celebrates the union of two people
    D. A type of union that is not recognized by any legal system
    Correct Answer: A. A legal status that allows same-sex couples specific rights and responsibilities.
    Explanation: A civil union refers to a legal status that allows same-sex couples specific rights and responsibilities normally conferred upon married couples, such as inheritance rights, employment benefits to spouses, joint parenting or joint ownership rights, and the right to abstain from testifying against one’s partner.
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  24. What is the main criterion for a site to be included on the World Heritage List?
    A. It should have natural beauty
    B. It should have historical significance
    C. It should have economic importance
    D. It should be popular among tourists
    Correct Answer: B. It should have historical significance
    Explanation: The main criterion for a site to be included on the World Heritage List is that it should have outstanding universal value and meet at least one of the ten selection criteria. These criteria are based on the site’s cultural, historical, scientific, or other significance.
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  25. What is the main criterion for a site to be included on the World Heritage List?
    A. It should have natural beauty
    B. It should have historical significance
    C. It should have economic importance
    D. It should be popular among tourists
    Correct Answer: B. It should have historical significance
    Explanation: The main criterion for a site to be included on the World Heritage List is that it should have outstanding universal value and meet at least one of the ten selection criteria. These criteria are based on the site’s cultural, historical, scientific, or other significance.
    Source
  26. What is the purpose of levying CBT on imports?
    A. To increase the volume of imports
    B. To protect domestic industries from foreign competition
    C. To reduce the cost of imported goods
    D. To promote free trade
    Correct Answer: B. To protect domestic industries from foreign competition
    Explanation: The purpose of levying CBT on imports is to protect domestic industries from foreign competition. It is designed to make foreign goods more expensive and less competitive in the domestic market, thereby giving domestic producers a level playing field.
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  27. Which of the following is an example of a civil society organization in India?
    A. The Indian National Congress
    B. The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry
    C. The Tata Trusts
    D. The Indian Council of Medical Research
    Correct Answer: C. The Tata Trusts
    Explanation: The Tata Trusts is an example of a civil society organization in India that works towards improving the quality of life of communities in various areas such as education, healthcare, and livelihoods. The Indian National Congress is a political party, the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry is a trade organization, and the Indian Council of Medical Research is a research institution.
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  28. Why is One Health important?
    A. Due to the rapid increase in communicable diseases.
    B. Because of climate change and its impact on both humans and animals.
    C. As a result of globalization, which has brought humans closer to each other and also to the animal world.
    D. All of the above.
    Correct Answer: D. All of the above.
    Explanation: One Health is important due to the rapid increase in communicable diseases, the impact of climate change on both humans and animals, and the result of globalization, which has brought humans closer to each other and to the animal world.
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  29. What are some issues currently facing the Clinical Trials Registry of India?
    A. Insufficient funding for clinical trials.
    B. Inadequate technology infrastructure.
    C. Lack of awareness among researchers about the registry.
    D. Both B and C.
    Correct Answer: D. Both B and C.
    Explanation: The essay mentions that the registry has been facing issues with its functioning, including inadequate technology infrastructure and a lack of awareness among researchers about the registry.
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  30. Which of the following is not a potential way suggested to increase India’s exports?
    A. Promoting ease of doing business
    B. Focusing only on the top 10 exporting districts
    C. Encouraging research and development in export-oriented sectors
    D. Investing in infrastructure and logistics
    Correct Answer: B. Focusing only on the top 10 exporting districts
    Explanation: promoting ease of doing business, encouraging research and development in export-oriented sectors, and investing in infrastructure and logistics are all potential ways to increase India’s exports. However, the essay does not suggest focusing only on the top 10 exporting districts.
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  31. What is the key feature of Web3 that provides users with greater control over their data and digital assets?
    A. Control over data.
    B. Privacy and security.
    C. Decentralised applications and smart contracts.
    D. None of the above.
    Correct Answer: A. Control over data.
    Explanation: One of the key features of Web3 is control over data. Web3 allows for peer-to-peer transactions and interactions, which means that users are in control of their data and can choose whom they share it with.
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  32. What are the three principles of the circular economy?
    A. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
    B. Buy, Use, Dispose
    C. Extract, Produce, Dispose
    D. Make, Sell, Consume
    Correct Answer: A. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
    Explanation: The three principles of the circular economy are reduce, reuse, and recycle. These principles aim to reduce waste and pollution by keeping products, components, and materials in use for as long as possible.
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  33. What is YZ Ceti b?
    A. A terrestrial exoplanet that orbits an M-type star.
    B. A gas giant exoplanet that orbits a G-type star.
    C. A dwarf planet that orbits a white dwarf.
    D. A moon that orbits a gas giant planet.
    Correct Answer: A. A terrestrial exoplanet that orbits an M-type star.
    Explanation: YZ Ceti b is a terrestrial exoplanet that orbits an M-type star. Source
  34. What is the impact of population growth on the environment ?
    A. Decrease in carbon emissions
    B. Decrease in deforestation
    C. Increase in greenhouse gas emissions
    D. Increase in wildlife conservation
    Correct Answer: C. Increase in greenhouse gas emissions
    Explanation: The impact of population growth on the environment is the increase in greenhouse gas emissions, leading to global warming and climate change.
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  35. Which of the following minerals are assessed to be critical for India?
    a) Iron, copper, and gold
    b) Antimony, cobalt, gallium, graphite, lithium, nickel, niobium, and strontium
    c) Aluminum, lead, and zinc
    d) Platinum, palladium, and rhodium
    Correct Answer: B. Antimony, cobalt, gallium, graphite, lithium, nickel, niobium, and strontium
    Explanation: Minerals such as antimony, cobalt, gallium, graphite, lithium, nickel, niobium, and strontium are among the 22 assessed to be critical for India.
    Source
  36. What was the reason behind the border dispute between Assam and Arunachal Pradesh?
    A. Transfer of forested tracts to Assam by NEFA.
    B. Demarcation of the boundary by Survey of India maps.
    C. Creation of Arunachal Pradesh as a Union Territory.
    D. A water-sharing conflict between the two states.
  37. Why did India impose import duties on electronic goods?
    A. To reduce imports from China.
    B. To increase imports from Japan.
    C. To comply with WTO regulations.
    D. To increase domestic production of electronic goods.
    Correct Answer: A. To reduce imports from China.
    Explanation: India imposed import duties on electronic goods in an attempt to reduce imports from China.
    Source

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