1. What is the global significance of the Jal-Jeevan-Hariyali Abhiyan?
    A. Reducing industrial emissions
    B. Promoting urbanization
    C. Mitigating climate change through afforestation
    D. Enhancing transportation systems
    Correct Answer: C. Mitigating climate change through afforestation
    Explanation: The initiative serves as a model for mitigating climate change impacts through afforestation. source
  2. Why is vivax malaria a unique challenge?
    A. It is drug-resistant
    B. It hides in the liver causing recurrent infections
    C. It is transmitted by a different mosquito species
    D. It has a higher mortality rate
    Correct Answer: B. It hides in the liver causing recurrent infections
    Explanation: Vivax malaria is challenging as it can hide in the liver, causing recurrent infections, and requires a 14-day treatment course, leading to compliance issues. source
  3. Operation Gangotri is associated with which of the following?
    A. India’s Moon Mission
    B. Antarctica Exploration
    C. Underwater Archeology
    D. Desert Safari Adventure
    Correct Answer: B. Antarctica Exploration
    Explanation: Operation Gangotri marks India’s inaugural scientific expedition to Antarctica. source
  4. What is White Lung Syndrome primarily associated with?
    A. Gastrointestinal infections
    B. Cardiovascular diseases
    C. Respiratory infections
    D. Skin disorders
    Correct Answer: C. Respiratory infections
    Explanation: White Lung Syndrome is a respiratory infection associated with pneumonia-like symptoms caused by various microorganisms. source
  5. What distinguishes rogue planets from other exoplanets?
    A. They are smaller in size.
    B. They orbit stars.
    C. They are untethered to any star.
    D. They have dense atmospheres.
    Correct Answer: C. They are untethered to any star.
    Explanation: Rogue planets are free-floating and not bound to any star, unlike most exoplanets that orbit stars. source
  6. In which geographical areas does the ALTÉRRA climate fund explicitly focus its efforts?
    A. Developed nations
    B. Global North
    C. Emerging markets and developing economies
    D. Arctic region
    Correct Answer: C. Emerging markets and developing economies
    Explanation: The ALTÉRRA explicitly targets emerging markets and developing economies, recognizing their crucial role in the global fight against climate change. source
  7. What is the primary focus of the Global Green Credit Initiative (GGCI)?
    A. Biodiversity conservation
    B. Water conservation and afforestation
    C. Air quality improvement
    D. Renewable energy promotion
    Correct Answer: B. Water conservation and afforestation
    Explanation: The GGCI primarily focuses on water conservation and afforestation.
    source
  8. Which factor is NOT mentioned as a consequence of the Green Revolution’s focus on paddy and wheat in India?
    A. Compromised seed sovereignty
    B. Nutritional diversity decline
    C. Increase in farmer incomes
    D. Environmental consequences
    Correct Answer: C. Increase in farmer incomes
    Explanation: While the Green Revolution led to improvements in agricultural productivity, it compromised seed sovereignty, nutritional diversity, and had adverse environmental consequences. source
  9. Where is Mount Marapi located, and how does it differ from Mount Merapi?
    A. Java, Indonesia
    B. West Sumatra, Indonesia
    C. Bali, Indonesia
    D. Sulawesi, Indonesia
    Correct Answer: B. West Sumatra, Indonesia
    Explanation: Mount Marapi is situated in West Sumatra, distinguishing it from Mount Merapi in Java, emphasizing the diverse volcanic topography of Indonesia. source
  10. Which category of institutions hosted the highest percentage of GIAN courses?
    A. State universities
    B. Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)
    C. National Institutes of Technology (NITs)
    D. Management institutes
    Correct Answer: B. Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)
    Explanation: The highest percentage of GIAN courses (39%) was hosted by Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs). source
  11. Why was Cyclone Michaung upgraded to a ‘severe’ storm?
    A. Decrease in wind speeds
    B. Above-normal heat index values
    C. Favorable atmospheric conditions
    D. Normal December weather patterns
    Correct Answer: B. Above-normal heat index values
    Explanation: The intensification of Cyclone Michaung is attributed to above-normal heat index values off the southern Andhra Pradesh coast. source
  12. What are Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) mainly associated with?
    A. Urban areas
    B. Developed countries
    C. Poverty, limited healthcare access, and inadequate sanitation
    D. Cold climates
    Correct Answer: C. Poverty, limited healthcare access, and inadequate sanitation
    Explanation: NTDs are often associated with poverty, limited healthcare access, and inadequate sanitation and hygiene. source
  13. Which two nations were notably absent from the international commitment to enhance nuclear energy at COP28?
    A. India and France
    B. China and Russia
    C. Japan and Canada
    D. The UK and South Korea
    Correct Answer: B. China and Russia
    Explanation: The China and Russia were notably absent from the agreement, despite having rapidly expanding nuclear programs. source
  14. What does IMEO primarily focus on in terms of methane emissions?
    A. Agriculture
    B. Transportation
    C. Fossil fuel industry
    D. Industrial manufacturing
    Correct Answer: C. Fossil fuel industry
    Explanation: IMEO primarily targets methane emissions from the fossil fuel industry, as unveiled at the G20 Leaders’ Summit in 2021. source
  15. What is the newly discovered wild okra species named by the Odia scientist?
    A. Abelmoschus Okraensis
    B. Abelmoschus Odishae
    C. Odisha Okravera
    D. Disease-Resistant Okra
    Correct Answer: B. Abelmoschus Odishae
    Explanation: The scientist named the new wild okra species after the state from where the specimens were originally collected. source
  16. Which of the following is NOT a proposed measure in UNEP’s action plan for the global cooling sector?
    A. Passive cooling strategies
    B. Higher energy efficiency standards
    C. Accelerated phasedown of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)
    D. Increased use of climate-warming refrigerants
    Correct Answer: D. Increased use of climate-warming refrigerants
    Explanation: The one of the proposed measures is an accelerated phasedown of climate-warming refrigerants, not an increase in their use. source
  17. Which government initiative allocates funds for the resettlement of people affected by erosion?
    A. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
    B. National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
    C. Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, 2019
    D. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
    Correct Answer: C. Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, 2019
    Explanation: Under the 15th Finance Commission, Rs. 1000 crore from the National Disaster Response Fund is earmarked for resettlement of people affected by erosion. source
  18. What is the primary origin of the highest number of invasive plants in South Asia?
    A. Australia
    B. Southern America
    C. Asia
    D. Antarctica
    Correct Answer: B. Southern America
    Explanation: The majority of invasive plants in South Asia were introduced from Southern America. source
  19. What is the primary focus of Google Gemini?
    A. Image processing
    B. Multimodal AI
    C. Natural language understanding
    D. Quantum computing
    Correct Answer: B. Multimodal AI
    Explanation: The Google Gemini stands out for its multimodal capabilities, enabling it to process and generate content across various modalities, including text and images. source
  20. What gastrointestinal disorders can contribute to Vitamin B12 deficiency?
    A. Appendicitis
    B. Gastric ulcers
    C. Crohn’s disease and Celiac disease
    D. Kidney stones
    Correct Answer: C. Crohn’s disease and Celiac disease
    Explanation: Conditions like Crohn’s disease and Celiac disease, affecting the digestive tract, can impair B12 absorption, leading to deficiencies.
    source
  21. Which protocol is credited with the positive signs of recovery in the Antarctic ozone hole?
    A. Kyoto Protocol
    B. Paris Agreement
    C. Montreal Protocol
    D. Copenhagen Accord
    Correct Answer: C. Montreal Protocol
    Explanation: The recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole is attributed to the Montreal Protocol. source
  22. What is the primary cause of Pompe disease?
    A. Excessive glycogen
    B. Mutations in the GAA gene
    C. Enzyme Replacement Therapy
    D. Respiratory difficulties
    Correct Answer: B. Mutations in the GAA gene
    Explanation: Pompe disease is caused by mutations in the GAA gene, hindering the production of acid alpha-glucosidase. source
  23. What is emphasized as crucial for sustaining urban projects in the report?
    A. Technological Advancements
    B. Public Protests
    C. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and Financing
    D. Urban Migration
    Correct Answer: C. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and Financing
    Explanation: The report emphasizes the role of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and innovative financing models for sustaining urban projects. source
  24. Besides the JT-60SA in Japan, which other country is mentioned as constructing an even larger fusion reactor?
    A. China
    B. Germany
    C. France
    D. United States
    Correct Answer: C. France
    Explanation: France is mentioned as currently constructing an even larger fusion reactor, set to begin operations in 2025. source
  25. Which document serves as the foundational framework for the United Nations?
    A. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
    B. Geneva Conventions
    C. UN Charter
    D. Treaty of Versailles
    Correct Answer: C. UN Charter
    Explanation: The UN Charter is the foundational document of the United Nations. source
  26. Which refrigerant has a global warming potential 3,400 times that of CO2?
    A. Hydrogen
    B. Methane
    C. HFC-134a
    D. Ammonia
    Correct Answer: C. HFC-134a
    Explanation: HFC-134a has a global warming potential 3,400 times that of CO2. source

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