1. What is the primary focus of the GOBARdhan Initiative in India?
    A. Promoting organic farming in rural areas.
    B. Converting cattle waste into compost, biogas, and bio-CNG.
    C. Enhancing healthcare facilities in villages.
    D. Implementing water conservation projects.
    Correct Answer: B. Converting cattle waste into compost, biogas, and bio-CNG.
    Explanation: The GOBARdhan Initiative primarily focuses on managing and converting cattle dung and solid waste on farms into valuable resources like compost, biogas, and bio-CNG.
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  2. Which Constitutional mandate emphasizes the need for forest conservation in India?
    A. Article 48A
    B. Article 51A(g)
    C. Article 370
    D. Article 42
    Correct Answer: A. Article 48A
    Explanation: Article 48A in the Directive Principles of State Policy highlights the state’s duty to conserve and improve the environment, including forests.
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  3. How do Worldcoin volunteers, known as “Orb operators,” collect biometric data from users?
    A. By scanning fingerprints
    B. By scanning iris patterns
    C. By using facial recognition
    D. By collecting voice samples
    Correct Answer: B. By scanning iris patterns
    Explanation: Orb operators collect biometric data by scanning users’ iris patterns using the “Orb” device. source
  4. Why is the recent visit of Indian aircraft to Cocos (Keeling) Islands significant?
    A. To explore the islands’ natural beauty
    B. To conduct military exercises
    C. To strengthen bilateral relations between India and Australia
    D. To study the islands’ wildlife
    Correct Answer: C. To strengthen bilateral relations between India and Australia
    Explanation: The recent visit of the Indian Navy and Air Force aircraft to Cocos (Keeling) Islands holds significance in strengthening bilateral relations between India and Australia. source
  5. How does the ULLAS initiative impact nation-building?
    A. By promoting political awareness among citizens.
    B. By encouraging citizens to engage in philanthropy.
    C. By empowering citizens with essential skills for active participation in society.
    D. By providing financial support to start-ups and entrepreneurs.
    Correct Answer: C. By empowering citizens with essential skills for active participation in society.
    Explanation: ULLAS equips citizens with vital life skills, functional literacy, and vocational skills, enabling them to contribute meaningfully to nation-building by actively participating in various spheres of society. source
  6. What status was granted to the International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) in 1985?
    A. Private Institution Status
    B. University of Excellence
    C. Deemed to be University
    D. Government Autonomous Institute
    Correct Answer: C. Deemed to be University
    Explanation: The IIPS was declared a ‘Deemed to be University’ on August 14, 1985, under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956 by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. source
  7. Which type of conjunctivitis is highly contagious and can lead to large outbreaks?
    A. Allergic Conjunctivitis
    B. Bacterial Conjunctivitis
    C. Viral Conjunctivitis
    D. Non-contagious Conjunctivitis
    Correct Answer: C. Viral Conjunctivitis
    Explanation: Viral conjunctivitis is caused by different viruses, such as adenoviruses, and is highly contagious, often leading to large outbreaks.
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  8. What is cell-free DNA (cfDNA)?
    A. Small nucleic acid fragments found in bodily fluids outside of cells.
    B. Genetic material found inside cells.
    C. A type of cancer screening technique.
    D. A technique used to monitor fetal development.
    Correct Answer: A. Small nucleic acid fragments found in bodily fluids outside of cells.
    Explanation: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) refers to small nucleic acid fragments discovered in bodily fluids after being released from cells. source
  9. What are Biodiversity Heritage Sites (BHS)?
    A. Sites designated for exclusive tourist purposes
    B. Areas with high cultural significance and historical importance
    C. Unique and ecologically fragile ecosystems with rich biodiversity
    D. Locations reserved for scientific research and exploration
    Correct Answer: C. Unique and ecologically fragile ecosystems with rich biodiversity
    Explanation: Biodiversity Heritage Sites are areas with unique and ecologically fragile ecosystems containing rich biodiversity. They have species richness, high endemism, rare and threatened species, and other important factors contributing to their ecological significance. Additionally, they may have cultural, ethical, and aesthetic values that contribute to the preservation of cultural diversity.
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  10. Which islands are at the center of the Kuril Island dispute between Japan and Russia? A) Hokkaido, Shikotan, and Kamchatka B) South Kuril Islands, North Kuril Islands, and Etorofu C) Etorofu, Kunashiri, Shikotan, and Habomai D) Honshu, Sakhalin, and Hokkaido
  11. What is the most common method of spreading ransomware, including Akira?
    A. Sending malicious links in emails.
    B. Using infected USB drives.
    C. Distributing fake software updates.
    D. Sending spear phishing emails with malicious attachments.
    Correct Answer: D. Sending spear phishing emails with malicious attachments.
    Explanation: Ransomware like Akira is often distributed through spear phishing emails that contain malicious attachments (e.g., zip/rar files) to trick users into downloading and executing the malware.
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  12. Which of the following is NOT one of the nine key thematic priority areas identified by the NDTSP?
    A. Nurturing Research, Development & Innovation.
    B. Strengthening the Intellectual Property Regime.
    C. Encouraging Foreign Investment in Deep Tech Startups.
    D. Sustaining Deep Tech Startups.
    Correct Answer: C. Encouraging Foreign Investment in Deep Tech Startups.
    Explanation: The nine key thematic priority areas of the NDTSP include nurturing research, development & innovation, strengthening the intellectual property regime, enabling access to funding, shared infrastructure, creating conducive regulations, standards, and certifications, attracting human resources, promoting procurement & adoption, ensuring policy & program interlinkages, and sustaining deep tech startups. Encouraging foreign investment is not listed among them.
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  13. Which international agreement governs liability for damages caused by falling space debris?
    A. Outer Space Treaty
    B. Vienna Convention on Space Law
    C. Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects
    D. United Nations Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines
    Correct Answer: C. Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects
    Explanation: This convention complements the Outer Space Treaty and holds launching countries “absolutely liable” for any damage caused by their space objects on Earth or to other space assets, ensuring fair compensation for the harm.
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  14. What are some challenges in measuring and compensating women’s unpaid work?
    A. Assigning emotional value to care work.
    B. Categorizing labour into ‘economic’ and ‘non-economic.’
    C. Identifying productive household tasks.
    D. Promoting gender-neutral income transfer.
    Correct Answer: A. Assigning emotional value to care work. B. Categorizing labour into ‘economic’ and ‘non-economic.’
    Explanation: The challenges in measuring and compensating women’s unpaid work include the difficulty of assigning a value to emotional care work and the traditional categorization of labour into ‘economic’ and ‘non-economic’ categories, which may not recognize essential unpaid tasks.
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  15. Why was there a need for sub-categorisation of OBCs?
    A. To increase the overall reservation quota for OBCs.
    B. To ensure the reservation benefits are equally distributed among all OBC communities.
    C. To remove reservation benefits for affluent OBC communities.
    D. To exclude certain OBC communities from the reservation policy.
    Correct Answer: B. To ensure the reservation benefits are equally distributed among all OBC communities.
    Explanation: The need for sub-categorisation of OBCs was to ensure that the reservation benefits are equally distributed among all OBC communities and avoid monopolization by a few affluent communities.
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  16. Which of the following is NOT one of the categories of anti-Semitism?
    A. Racial
    B. Ethnic
    C. Religious
    D. Political
    Correct Answer: B. Ethnic
    Explanation: It can be five categories of anti-Semitism, which are racial, religious, social, economic, and political. “Ethnic” is not mentioned as one of the categories.
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  17. What specific achievement does India hold in tobacco control?
    A. Banning smoking in public places
    B. Implementing warnings on OTT platform content featuring tobacco products
    C. Implementing all MPOWER measures
    D. Providing tobacco dependence treatment
    Correct Answer: B. Implementing warnings on OTT platform content featuring tobacco products
    Explanation: The India’s specific achievement in tobacco control is implementing warnings on Over-The-Top (OTT) platform content featuring actors using tobacco products.
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  18. What art form inspired the landscaped garden on the memorial pedestal?
    A. Rangoli
    B. Origami
    C. Sikku Kolam
    D. Calligraphy
    Correct Answer: C. Sikku Kolam
    Explanation: The landscaped garden draws inspiration from the traditional art form known as Sikku Kolam, created by Tamil women using dots and circles, adding an artistic touch to the memorial’s surroundings.
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  19. What technology will be deployed in public places as part of the Safe City Project?
    A. High-speed internet for public use
    B. Solar-powered street lights
    C. CCTV cameras in places frequented by women
    D. Digital payment kiosks
    Correct Answer: C. CCTV cameras in places frequented by women
    Explanation: The Safe City Project involves the installation of CCTV cameras in places frequented by women to enhance safety and provide valuable evidence in case of incidents. source
  20. Which benefit do the ID cardholders under the PEHCHAN scheme receive?
    A. Health and Life Insurance
    B. Financial support for children’s education
    C. Recognition and awards
    D. Free supply of raw materials
    Correct Answer: A. Health and Life Insurance
    Explanation: The ID cardholders under the PEHCHAN scheme receive benefits like health and life insurance, ensuring their well-being and financial security.
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