1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Anthropocene epoch?
    A. Global warming
    B. Mass-scale soil erosion
    C. Meteor impacts
    D. Ocean acidification
    Correct Answer: C. Meteor impacts
    Explanation: Several phenomena associated with the Anthropocene epoch, including global warming, mass-scale soil erosion, and ocean acidification. source
  2. Which of the following sub-schemes under AVYAY provides financial assistance to eligible organizations for running and maintaining Senior Citizen Homes?
    A. Integrated Programme for Senior Citizens (IPSrC)
    B. Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana (RVY)
    C. Atal Pension Yojana (APY)
    D. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)
    Correct Answer: A. Integrated Programme for Senior Citizens (IPSrC)
    Explanation: IPSrC is one of the sub-schemes under AVYAY that provides financial aid to organizations for running and maintaining Senior Citizen Homes.
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  3. What is the maximum duration for which a Section 144 order can remain in force?
    A. Two weeks
    B. Two months
    C. One year
    D. Indefinitely
    Correct Answer: B. Two months
    Explanation: No order passed under Section 144 can remain in force for more than two months from the date of its issuance, unless extended by the state government up to a maximum of six months. source
  4. Which satellite was used in the study to monitor ocean color and gather data?
    A. Hubble Space Telescope
    B. Kepler Space Observatory
    C. Aqua satellite with MODIS
    D. International Space Station (ISS)
    Correct Answer: C. Aqua satellite with MODIS
    Explanation: The researchers analyzed data generated from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the Aqua satellite, which has been monitoring ocean color for two decades from 2002 to 2022.
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  5. Who established the Legion of Honour?
    A. French Prime Minister
    B. French President
    C. Napoleon Bonaparte
    D. Louis XIV
    Correct Answer: C. Napoleon Bonaparte
    Explanation: The Legion of Honour was established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1802 to recognize exceptional individuals in both civil and military domains. source
  6. When is Bastille Day celebrated?
    A. July 4
    B. July 14
    C. July 1
    D. July 24
    Correct Answer: B. July 14
    Explanation: Bastille Day is celebrated on July 14 each year to commemorate the Storming of the Bastille in 1789, a significant event during the French Revolution.
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  7. Which treatment approach aims to introduce functional copies of the dystrophin gene into affected cells?
    A. Exon-skipping
    B. Disease-modifying agents
    C. Gene therapy
    D. Beta-glucan
    Correct Answer: C. Gene therapy
    Explanation: Gene therapy seeks to introduce functional copies of the dystrophin gene to restore dystrophin production and potentially slow down disease progression. source
  8. What geological process is believed to have contributed to the formation of the seasonal lake in Kaas Plateau?
    A. Glacial erosion
    B. Volcanic eruptions
    C. Localized erosion creating a shallow depression on a pediment
    D. Sinkhole formation
    Correct Answer: C. Localized erosion creating a shallow depression on a pediment
    Explanation: The seasonal lake is likely a product of an erosional localized shallow depression on a pediment (rock debris) developed over the crust. source
  9. What could be a potential cause of the cheetah deaths in Kuno National Park?
    A) Lack of food resources
    B) Traumatic shock during relocation
    C) Excessive rainfall in the region
    D) Improved internal organs due to satellite collars
    Correct Answer: B. Traumatic shock during relocation
    Explanation: One of the possible causes of the cheetah deaths in Kuno National Park is traumatic shock, which may have resulted from the stress and challenges of relocating the cheetahs from South Africa to India.
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  10. What are the three key pillars of the roadmap for India-France bilateral relations?
    A. Partnership for Security and Sovereignty
    B. Partnership for Trade and Investment
    C. Partnership for Innovation
    D. Partnership for the Planet
    Correct Answer: D. Partnership for Security and Sovereignty, Partnership for the Planet, Partnership for the People
    Explanation: The roadmap for India-France bilateral relations is built on three key pillars: Partnership for Security and Sovereignty, Partnership for the Planet, and Partnership for the People. source
  11. Why is the revival of Namda crucial?
    A. To promote the export of traditional crafts from Jammu and Kashmir
    B. To preserve the cultural heritage and history of the region
    C. To encourage tourism in the state of Jammu and Kashmir
    D. To provide employment opportunities for local artisans
    Correct Answer: B. To preserve the cultural heritage and history of the region
    Explanation: The importance of reviving Namda to protect this ancient art form and its cultural significance in Jammu and Kashmir.
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  12. What type of submarines are the Scorpene class submarines designed to be?
    A. Aircraft carriers
    B. Ballistic missile submarines
    C. Conventional attack submarines
    D. Nuclear-powered submarines
    Correct Answer: C. Conventional attack submarines
    Explanation: The Scorpene class submarines are conventional attack submarines, which means they are designed to target and sink enemy naval vessels.
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  13. What is the primary purpose of the Agni-V missile?
    A. To serve as India’s space exploration vehicle.
    B. To launch satellites into orbit.
    C. To function as India’s primary ballistic missile for nuclear deterrence.
    D. To provide communication services in remote areas.
    Correct Answer: C. To function as India’s primary ballistic missile for nuclear deterrence.
    Explanation: The Agni-V is India’s ICBM, developed for long-range ballistic missile capability, contributing to the country’s defense program and nuclear deterrence. source
  14. What are the two primary factors responsible for causing diarrhoea?
    A. Bacteria and viruses
    B. Amoeba and parasites
    C. Viruses and amoeba pathogens
    D. Bacteria and parasites
    Correct Answer: A. Bacteria and viruses
    Explanation: The essay states that diarrhoea can be caused by bacteria, viruses, and amoeba pathogens. However, the main focus of the study was on bacterial and viral causes of diarrhoea.
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  15. What is the conservation status of the Western hoolock gibbon according to the IUCN?
    A) Endangered
    B) Vulnerable
    C) Critically endangered
    D) Extinct
    Correct Answer: A) Endangered
    Explanation: The Western hoolock gibbon is classified as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
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  16. Which aspect of military operations does Exercise Nomadic Elephant mainly focus on?
    A. Maritime warfare
    B. Counter-terrorism operations in mountainous terrain
    C. Airborne assault tactics
    D. Urban warfare strategies
    Correct Answer: B. Counter-terrorism operations in mountainous terrain
    Explanation: The main theme of Exercise Nomadic Elephant-23 is to focus on counter-terrorism operations in mountainous terrain under the United Nations mandate. source
  17. What factor might contribute to the development of endometriosis according to the essay?
    A. Retrograde menstruation
    B. High immune system response
    C. Reduced hormone production
    D. Increased gut microbiota diversity
    Correct Answer: A. Retrograde menstruation
    Explanation: Retrograde menstruation, which occurs when menstrual blood flows backward into the abdominal region, is considered a potential contributing factor to the development of endometriosis. It allows endometrial tissue to persist in the pelvic region, possibly leading to the formation of lesions.
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  18. What is the primary advantage of using Gambusia fish in mosquito control strategies?
    A. They can eliminate adult mosquitoes.
    B. They are native to Andhra Pradesh.
    C. A single fish can consume hundreds of mosquito larvae per day.
    D. They are immune to insecticides.
    Correct Answer: C. A single fish can consume hundreds of mosquito larvae per day.
    Explanation: A single full-grown Gambusia fish can eat about 100 to 300 mosquito larvae per day, making them effective natural predators of mosquito populations.
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  19. What was the main reason behind the opposition to the Thiruvananthapuram-Kasaragod SilverLine project?
    A. High construction cost
    B. Inadequate speed of trains
    C. Massive displacement of people
    D. Unsuitable gauge track
    Correct Answer: C. Massive displacement of people
    Explanation: The Thiruvananthapuram-Kasaragod SilverLine project faced massive resistance mainly because it was to be built over a tall embankment, leading to the displacement of communities.
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  20. What is the primary mode of transmission for Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF)?
    A. Airborne transmission
    B. Foodborne transmission
    C. Tick-borne transmission
    D. Waterborne transmission
    Correct Answer: C. Tick-borne transmission
    Explanation: CCHF is primarily transmitted to humans through contact with infected ticks. Ticks are commonly found in livestock and wild animals, and people in rural areas are at higher risk of exposure to infected ticks. source
  21. What is the primary cause of pertussis (whooping cough)?
    A. Bacteria: Bordetella pertussis
    B. Virus: Influenza virus
    C. Bacteria: Corynebacterium diphtheriae
    D. Virus: Human papillomavirus
    Correct Answer: A. Bacteria: Bordetella pertussis
    Explanation: Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. source
  22. What was the central idea behind the agreement brokered by the UN and Turkey between Russia and Ukraine?
    A. Limiting food price inflation
    B. Increasing agricultural production
    C. Promoting international cooperation
    D. Expanding trade routes
    Correct Answer: A. Limiting food price inflation
    Explanation: The central idea behind the agreement was to calm markets by ensuring an adequate supply of grains, thereby limiting food price inflation.
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  23. What advantage does the C-295 have over traditional aircraft, especially in hot and high-altitude regions?
    A. It has better stealth capabilities
    B. It can carry more payload over longer distances
    C. It requires a shorter runway for takeoff and landing
    D. It has a longer operational range
    Correct Answer: B. It can carry more payload over longer distances
    Explanation: The C-295 is equipped with winglets, allowing it to transport more payload over larger distances, particularly in hot and high-altitude conditions, making option B the correct answer.
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