1. What are dual-use items?
    A. Goods and technologies that may be used for both civilian and military purposes.
    B. Items that can only be used for military purposes.
    C. Items that can only be used for civilian purposes.
    D. Goods and technologies that can only be exported to certain countries.
    Correct Answer: A. Goods and technologies that may be used for both civilian and military purposes.
    Explanation: Dual-use items are goods and technologies that may be used for both civilian and military purposes.
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  2. Which government agency is currently responsible for immigration checks at airports, sea ports, and land borders in India?
    A. Transportation Security Administration (TSA)
    B. Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)
    C. Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS)
    D. Bureau of Immigration
    Correct Answer: D. Bureau of Immigration
    Explanation: The Bureau of Immigration, which works under the Intelligence Bureau of the Union Home Ministry, is responsible for immigration checks at airports, sea ports, and land borders.
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  3. How do microbes arrive at Mount Everest?
    A. By being carried by winds and dust particles
    B. Through human activity only
    C. Through animal activity only
    D. By being carried by birds and bees
    Correct Answer: A. By being carried by winds and dust particles.
    Explanation: Microbes arrive at Mount Everest through carriers like birds, animals, and winds, with winds and dust particles being the primary carriers above 7,000 meters above sea level.
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  4. What is the City Nature Challenge?
    A. A photography competition
    B. A citizen science event
    C. A wildlife safari
    D. A painting competition
    Correct Answer: B. A citizen science event
    Explanation: The City Nature Challenge is a global citizen science event that aims to document the biodiversity of urban areas across the world.
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  5. Which of the following is NOT one of the three major categories of health expenditure?
    A. Health Care Functions
    B. Health Care Providers
    C. Health Care Financing Schemes
    D. Health Care Standards
    Correct Answer: D. Health Care Standards
    Explanation: The three major categories of health expenditure are Health Care Functions, Health Care Providers, and Health Care Financing Schemes. Health Care Standards is not a category of health expenditure mentioned in the essay.
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  6. Which ministry approved the Genome India Project in 2020?
    A. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
    B. Ministry of Science and Technology
    C. Ministry of Home Affairs
    D. Ministry of External Affairs
    Correct Answer: B. Ministry of Science and Technology
    Explanation: The Genome India Project was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2020.
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  7. Which Indian port is named as the largest importing port of seaborne crude oil from Russia in the world?
    A. Sikka port
    B. Vadinar port
    C. Mumbai port
    D. Kandla port
    Correct Answer: A. Sikka port
    Explanation: The report claims that Sikka port in Gujarat is the largest importing port of seaborne crude oil from Russia in the world, as well as the largest oil product export port to the Price Cap Coalition countries.
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  8. Which event led to the designation of May 1 as International Workers’ Day?
    A. The Russian Revolution
    B. The Haymarket affair
    C. The Eight-hour workday movement
    D. The Second International
    Correct Answer: B. The Haymarket affair
    Explanation: May 1 became associated with the labour movement in the late 19th century, after trade unions and socialist groups designated it as a day in support of workers, in memory of the Haymarket affair of 1886, in Chicago in the United States.
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  9. What is Article 142 of the Constitution?
    A. An article that gives the Supreme Court wide powers to do complete justice in a case before it
    B. An article that deals with the right to freedom of speech and expression
    C. An article that gives the President the power to remove judges from office
    D. An article that establishes the powers of the Parliament
    Correct Answer: A. An article that gives the Supreme Court wide powers to do complete justice in a case before it
    Explanation: Article 142 gives the Supreme Court wide powers to do complete justice in a case before it. This provision has been used by the Supreme Court to directly grant a decree of divorce to consenting parties, in cases of irretrievable breakdown of marriage, without referring the parties to a family court. It has also been invoked in other instances like the Bhopal Gas tragedy case, Babri Masjid demolition case, and liquor sale ban case, among others.
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  10. What was the suspected cause of the gas leak in Giaspura, Ludhiana?
    A. Methane
    B. Carbon dioxide
    C. Carbon monoxide
    D. Hydrogen sulfide
    Correct Answer: D. Hydrogen sulfide
    Explanation: The gas leak in Giaspura was caused by the release of hydrogen sulfide from wastewater.
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  11. Who is the regulatory body and plays a controlling role in the management of foreign exchange?
    A. The Central Government
    B. The Directorate of Enforcement
    C. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
    D. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
    Correct Answer: C. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
    Explanation: The RBI is the regulatory body and plays a controlling role in the management of foreign exchange under the provisions of the Foreign Exchange Management Act.
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  12. Where are auroras typically visible on Earth?
    A. At the equator
    B. Near the Arctic and Antarctic circles
    C. In tropical regions
    D. In temperate regions
    Correct Answer: B. Near the Arctic and Antarctic circles
    Explanation: Auroras are usually seen in high-latitude regions, near the Arctic and Antarctic circles, which are situated about 66.5 degrees north and south of the equator.
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  13. What is the strategic importance of the Indian Ocean Region for India?
    A. It is the most populous country in the region
    B. It is a major hub for offshore oil production
    C. It connects the major engines of the international economy
    D. It has vast reserves of mineral resources
    Correct Answer: C. It connects the major engines of the international economy.
    Explanation: The Indian Ocean region connects the major engines of the international economy in the Northern Atlantic and Asia-Pacific, making it strategically important for global trade and commerce.
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  14. Why is the Slab Track structure particularly advantageous in case of viaduct and tunnel?
    A. Because it requires more maintenance and labor requirements.
    B. Because it has a heavier and bulkier structure.
    C. Because it has a lighter and sleek structure.
    D. Because it has a higher maintenance cost.
    Correct Answer: C. Because it has a lighter and sleek structure.
    Explanation: The Slab Track structure is particularly advantageous in case of viaduct and tunnel due to its lighter and sleek structure, which makes it easier to construct and maintain in those areas. This is in contrast to ballasted tracks which are heavier and bulkier.
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  15. What impact has illegal mining had on the Yanomami people?
    A. Decrease in cases of malaria
    B. Increase in food sources
    C. Increase in mercury-free water
    D. Increase in cases of malnutrition
    Correct Answer: D. Increase in cases of malnutrition
    Explanation: Illegal mining has destroyed vast patches of the forest, leading to a scarcity of food, and miners have polluted the Yanomami areas traditionally used for hunting, fishing, and gathering with liquid mercury, which has contributed to the increase in cases of malnutrition among children.
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  16. Which type of investments do “blue” investments focus on?
    A. Projects or areas committed to preserving the environment
    B. Sustainable use of ocean resources
    C. Renewable energy projects
    D. Carbon capture and storage projects
    Correct Answer: B. Sustainable use of ocean resources
    Explanation: Debt-for-climate swaps direct the remaining debt towards “green or blue” domestic investments. Green investments focus on projects or areas committed to preserving the environment, while blue investments focus on sustainable use of ocean resources.
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  17. India has been pressing for reforms in which of the following?
    A. Big multilateral institutions
    B. Small bilateral institutions
    C. Regional development banks
    D. Private corporations
    Correct Answer: A. Big multilateral institutions
    Explanation: The first sentence of the essay states that “In recent years, India has been pressing for reforms in big multilateral institutions.”
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  18. What were some of the ambitious goals discussed in the Petersberg Dialogue agenda?
    A. Limiting global warming to 3 degrees Celsius
    B. Phasing out coal by 2025 in all countries
    C. Achieving net-zero electricity generation
    D. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector
    Correct Answer: C. Achieving net-zero electricity generation
    Explanation: The Petersberg Dialogue agenda included ambitious goals such as coal phaseout by 2030 in OECD countries and by 2040 in all other countries, achieving net-zero electricity generation, and decarbonizing major sectors.
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  19. What is the conservation status of leopards according to the IUCN Red List?
    A. Critically Endangered
    B. Endangered
    C. Vulnerable
    D. Near Threatened
    Correct Answer: C. Vulnerable
    Explanation: The essay states that the conservation status of leopards according to the IUCN Red List is Vulnerable, indicating that the species is at a high risk of extinction in the wild.
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  20. Under the GDPR, who are the two different types of data handlers the legislation applies to?
    A. Public authorities and data controllers
    B. Data processors and data controllers
    C. Data analysts and data collectors
    D. Data scientists and data engineers
    Correct Answer: B. Data processors and data controllers
    Explanation: Under the GDPR, Controllers are individuals or bodies that determine the purposes and means of processing personal data, while processors process personal data on behalf of the controller.
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  21. Which technology is used to capture geospatial coverage for building a Digital Twin city?
    A. Blockchain
    B. Advanced sensors
    C. Virtual Reality
    D. Augmented Reality
    Correct Answer: B. Advanced sensors
    Explanation: Digital Twin cities use the most comprehensive and high-definition geospatial coverage in 2D, 3D, 4D, and 360 degrees captured through advanced sensors.
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  22. What are some of the challenges facing India’s civil aviation sector?
    A. Shortage of appropriate skills required in different sectors
    B. Lack of airport connectivity with cities
    C. High-cost structure
    D. All of the above
    Correct Answer: D. All of the above
    Explanation: As mentioned in the essay, India’s civil aviation sector faces challenges such as shortage of appropriate skills required in different sectors, lack of airport connectivity with cities, high-cost structure, and more.
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  23. What is the purpose of DANTAK?
    A. To construct motorable roads in Bhutan
    B. To build houses for people in Bhutan
    C. To provide healthcare services in Bhutan
    D. To develop education infrastructure in Bhutan
    Correct Answer: A. To construct motorable roads in Bhutan
    Explanation: The article mentions that the purpose of DANTAK was to construct pioneering motorable roads in Bhutan.
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  24. Which ethnic group was responsible for repeatedly raiding the Kangleipak kingdom?
    A. Kuki-Zomi
    B. Meitei
    C. Naga
    D. Thadou
    Correct Answer: C. Naga
    Explanation: The Naga tribes repeatedly raided the Kangleipak kingdom, which led to the British political agent bringing the Kuki-Zomi people from the Kuki-Chin hills of Burma to protect the valley.
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  25. What is the aim of the ‘Food Street Project’?
    A. To develop 100 unhealthy and unhygienic food streets across India.
    B. To reduce foodborne illnesses and improve overall health outcomes.
    C. To promote unsafe and unsustainable street food practices.
    D. To discourage local food businesses and tourism.
    Correct Answer: B. To reduce foodborne illnesses and improve overall health outcomes.
    Explanation: The ‘Food Street Project’ aims to encourage safe and healthy food practices among food businesses and community members in order to reduce foodborne illnesses and improve overall health outcomes.
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