Daily Current Affairs : 13-December-2023
The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) – Madras has recently unveiled the revolutionary ‘AMRIT’ technology, specifically designed to combat water quality issues by removing arsenic and metal ions from water sources. This breakthrough development has far-reaching implications for both domestic and community-level water purification, aligning seamlessly with the goals of the Jal Jeevan Mission.
Understanding AMRIT Technology
AMRIT technology employs nano-scale iron oxy-hydroxide to selectively eliminate arsenic when water passes through it. This innovative approach offers an effective solution for addressing the pervasive arsenic contamination prevalent in various water sources. The versatility of AMRIT makes it suitable for both individual households and larger community-based water purification initiatives.
The Role of Arsenic
Arsenic, a naturally occurring chemical element, poses a significant threat when present in drinking water. The ‘Standing Committee’ of the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation has recognized the severity of arsenic contamination and recommended the AMRIT technology as a potential remedy. Inorganic arsenic, particularly toxic, can lead to health issues like arsenic poisoning, emphasizing the urgency of addressing this water quality concern.
Jal Jeevan Mission: A Holistic Approach to Water Supply
Launched in 2019, the Jal Jeevan Mission aims to provide safe and sufficient drinking water to all rural households in India by 2024. The mission sets ambitious targets, including supplying 55 litres of water per person per day through Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) and ensuring universal water supply in urban areas.
Progress and Achievements
As of December 2023, the mission has made commendable progress, with tap water connections increasing from about 17% to approximately 71% in rural households. Moreover, all 378 arsenic-affected habitations awaiting tap water supply have received a reprieve through Community Water Purification Plants (CWPPs), ensuring access to safe drinking water.
Important Points:
- AMRIT Technology Overview:
- Developed by IIT-Madras to address water quality issues.
- Utilizes nano-scale iron oxy-hydroxide for removing arsenic and metal ions from water.
- Suitable for both domestic and community-level water purification.
- Aligns with the objectives of the Jal Jeevan Mission.
- Arsenic and Health Risks:
- Arsenic is a naturally occurring chemical element (As) found in the Earth’s crust.
- Inorganic arsenic, often considered toxic, poses serious health risks in drinking water.
- Arsenic poisoning is a potential consequence of exposure.
- Jal Jeevan Mission Goals:
- Launched in 2019 with the aim to provide safe and sufficient drinking water in rural India.
- Targets include supplying 55 liters of water per person per day through Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) by 2024.
- Universal water supply in urban areas through functional taps in all statutory towns.
- Notable progress: Tap water connections increased from 17% to approximately 71% in rural households by December 2023.
- Committee Recognition and Recommendations:
- The ‘Standing Committee’ of the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation recognizes the severity of arsenic contamination.
- Recommends the adoption of AMRIT technology as a solution to water and sanitation challenges.
- Community Impact and Achievements:
- AMRIT technology’s versatility addresses both individual households and larger community-based water purification initiatives.
- All 378 arsenic-affected habitations awaiting tap water supply have received safe drinking water through Community Water Purification Plants (CWPPs).
- Holistic Approach:
- Integration of AMRIT technology into the Jal Jeevan Mission signifies a proactive step toward overcoming water quality challenges.
- AMRIT technology plays a pivotal role in realizing the mission’s vision of universal access to clean water across India.
Why In News
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) – Madras has developed the ‘AMRIT’ technology for removing arsenic and metal ions from water, revolutionizing water purification efforts and providing a sustainable solution to address water contamination challenges globally.
MCQs about AMRIT Technology
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What is the primary focus of AMRIT technology developed by IIT-Madras?
A. Removing arsenic and metal ions from water
B. Generating electricity
C. Enhancing agricultural productivity
D. Developing smartphone applications
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Why is arsenic considered a health risk in drinking water?
A. It improves cognitive functions
B. It enhances the taste of water
C. It is a necessary nutrient for the body
D. It can lead to arsenic poisoning
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What is the main goal of the Jal Jeevan Mission launched in 2019?
A. Providing free healthcare
B. Ensuring universal education
C. Supplying safe and sufficient drinking water in rural India
D. Promoting sustainable agriculture
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What milestone did the Jal Jeevan Mission achieve by December 2023?
A. Universal healthcare coverage
B. 50% reduction in air pollution
C. Approximately 71% tap water connections in rural households
D. Completion of a high-speed railway project
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