Daily Current Affairs : 18-March-2024

The European Parliament has lately surpassed a large law referred to as the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act, 2024). This law is the primary of its kind in the international, aiming to create special guidelines for synthetic intelligence (AI). It acknowledges the diverse ranges of AI and the ability harms they can cause.

Objectives of the AI Act

The AI Act has several crucial dreams:

  • Protect Fundamental Rights: The law seeks to guard individual rights and freedoms.
  • Support Democracy: It goals to ensure that AI era does now not undermine democratic approaches.
  • Promote Environmental Sustainability: The Act encourages the improvement of AI this is environmentally friendly.
  • Foster Innovation: While regulating excessive-danger AI, the Act also helps innovation on this hastily evolving area.

Risk Levels in AI

One of the important thing features of the AI Act is its categorization of AI structures based totally on danger ranges:

  • Unacceptable Risk: These AI systems are banned outright because of their capability dangers.
  • High-Risk: These require a radical conformity evaluation and ongoing tracking to make certain they meet protection requirements.
  • Specific Transparency Risk: These systems should follow statistics and transparency responsibilities to inform customers approximately their operations.
  • Minimal Risk: These systems are challenge to no unique rules as they pose little to no risk.

Measures for High-Risk AI

For high-risk AI fashions, the Act outlines numerous necessities:

  • Conformity Assessments: These assessments ensure that AI structures comply with safety requirements.
  • Transparent Reporting: Companies must record how their AI structures characteristic.
  • Bias Mitigation: There should be measures in vicinity to deal with potential biases, together with racial and gender biases.

Prohibitions Under the Act

The AI Act also imposes strict regulations, which includes a ban on real-time faraway biometric identity in public spaces, with limited exceptions. This prohibition objectives to defend person privacy and security.

Global and National Efforts

While the EU is leading the manner with the AI Act, different international locations, together with India, are also taking steps to sell accountable AI use:

India’s Initiatives
  • Advisory on labeling and acclaim for AI deployment.
  • The India AI Mission.
  • The National AI Strategy delivered in 2018.
  • The establishment of INDIAai to promote AI projects.
Global Efforts
  • The Bletchley Declaration for AI.
  • The Global Partnership on AI (GPAI) and the New Delhi Declaration.
  • The Hiroshima AI Process (HAP) with the aid of the G7 international locations.

Important Points:

Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act, 2024):

  • First comprehensive AI regulation globally.
  • Establishes guidelines for various levels of AI and their potential harms.

Objectives of the AI Act:

  • Protect Fundamental Rights: Safeguards individual freedoms.
  • Support Democracy: Ensures AI does not undermine democratic processes.
  • Promote Environmental Sustainability: Encourages eco-friendly AI development.
  • Foster Innovation: Supports innovation while regulating high-risk AI.

Risk Levels in AI:

  • Unacceptable Risk: Complete ban on dangerous AI systems.
  • High-Risk: Requires thorough assessments and ongoing monitoring.
  • Specific Transparency Risk: Mandates information and transparency obligations.
  • Minimal Risk: No specific regulations for low-risk systems.

Measures for High-Risk AI:

  • Conformity Assessments: Ensure compliance with safety standards.
  • Transparent Reporting: Companies must disclose AI operations.
  • Bias Mitigation: Address potential racial and gender biases.

Prohibitions Under the Act:

  • Ban on real-time biometric identification in public spaces, with limited exceptions.

Global and National Efforts:

  • India’s Initiatives:
    • Advisory on labeling and approval for AI deployment.
    • The India AI Mission and National AI Strategy (2018).
    • Establishment of INDIAai.
  • Global Efforts:
    • Bletchley Declaration for AI.
    • Global Partnership on AI (GPAI) and New Delhi Declaration.
    • Hiroshima AI Process (HAP) by G7 nations.

Why In News

The European Parliament has passed a groundbreaking law, the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act, 2024), establishing comprehensive regulations for AI. This pioneering legislation is the first of its kind globally, recognizing different levels of AI and their potential harms, while aiming to ensure safety and ethical standards in AI development and usage.

MCQs about Artificial Intelligence Act

  1. What is the primary purpose of the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act, 2024)?
    A. To ban all AI technologies
    B. To establish comprehensive regulations for AI
    C. To promote only low-risk AI systems
    D. To limit AI development to specific countries
    Correct Answer: B. To establish comprehensive regulations for AI
    Explanation: The AI Act aims to create detailed guidelines for the regulation of AI technologies, recognizing their various levels and potential harms.
  2. Which of the following categories is NOT part of the AI Act’s risk levels?
    A. Unacceptable Risk
    B. High-Risk
    C. Moderate Risk
    D. Minimal Risk
    Correct Answer: C. Moderate Risk
    Explanation: The AI Act categorizes AI systems into four levels of risk: Unacceptable Risk, High-Risk, Specific Transparency Risk, and Minimal Risk, but does not include a category for Moderate Risk.
  3. What requirement is imposed on high-risk AI models under the AI Act?
    A. They must be completely banned.
    B. They must undergo conformity assessments.
    C. They need no regulations.
    D. They are allowed unlimited use in public spaces.
    Correct Answer: B. They must undergo conformity assessments.
    Explanation: High-risk AI models are required to undergo conformity assessments to ensure they comply with safety standards and mitigate potential biases.
  4. What does the AI Act prohibit regarding biometric identification?
    A. Use of biometric identification in all contexts
    B. Use of real-time remote biometric identification in public spaces
    C. Use of biometric identification in private organizations
    D. Use of biometric identification for government purposes
    Correct Answer: B. Use of real-time remote biometric identification in public spaces
    Explanation: The AI Act imposes a ban on real-time remote biometric identification in publicly accessible areas, except under limited exceptions, to protect individual privacy and security.

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