Hindu Editorial Analysis : 10-July-2024

The Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies (iCET) represents a significant effort between India and the United States to enhance cooperation in vital technological areas. Despite recent positive discussions between the National Security Advisers (NSAs) of both countries, there are still structural challenges hindering the successful execution of this initiative.

Overview of iCET

Launched during the Quad Summit in Tokyo in May 2022, iCET aims to strengthen the strategic technology partnership between India and the US. It promotes collaboration among government bodies, academia, and industry, focusing on:

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI)
  • Quantum Computing
  • 5G/6G Telecommunications
  • Biotechnology
  • Space Technologies
  • Semiconductors

These areas are crucial for advancing technology and ensuring national security and economic growth.

Key Technology Focus Areas

  1. Artificial Intelligence (AI): Both nations aim to harness AI’s potential to improve various sectors and societal well-being.
  2. Quantum Computing: Joint efforts are needed to exploit breakthroughs in computing and secure communications.
  3. 5G/6G Telecommunications: The development of advanced networks is vital for national security and economic prosperity.
  4. Biotechnology: Collaboration in biotech can transform healthcare and agriculture.
  5. Space Technologies: Projects in space exploration and satellite communication are key areas of interest.
  6. Semiconductors: Enhancing semiconductor capabilities is essential for modern electronics.

Collaborative Projects

The iCET includes several projects aimed at improving defense capabilities:

  • F-414INS6 Engines: India is set to manufacture F-414INS6 engines for its Tejas Mk-II aircraft. While negotiations for technology transfer are underway, critical information about certain manufacturing processes remains undisclosed.
  • MQ-9 Reaper UAVs: India is assembling armed UAVs with limited technology transfer, including the establishment of a maintenance facility.
  • Stryker Infantry Combat Vehicle: Ongoing discussions are focused on acquiring and co-developing this vehicle for the Indian Army.

Ongoing Negotiations

While negotiations for acquiring various military technologies continue, inherent challenges persist that could limit the initiative’s success.

Innate Limitations in Executing iCET

Several factors hinder the execution of iCET:

  • Autonomy of U.S. Defense Companies: Many U.S. defense firms are reluctant to share technology due to concerns over protecting their intellectual property. They prioritize their commercial interests and are answerable to shareholders.
  • Strict Export Control Laws: The U.S. has stringent laws governing the export of military technologies, making companies cautious about sharing critical information, even with strategic allies.
  • Technology Transfer Challenges: Although some progress has been made, barriers remain in the extent of technology that can be shared due to IPR concerns.

Why In News

Despite the seemingly successful talks between the National Security Advisers (NSAs) of India and the USA aimed at advancing the bilateral Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies (iCET), structural challenges continue to persist, highlighting the complexities involved in translating dialogue into actionable results.

MCQs about Challenges in the India-US Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies (iCET)

  1. What is the primary purpose of the Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies (iCET) between India and the USA?
    A. To increase trade tariffs between the two countries
    B. To enhance cooperation in critical technology areas
    C. To establish military bases in each country
    D. To promote tourism between India and the USA
    Correct Answer: B. To enhance cooperation in critical technology areas
    Explanation: The iCET aims to facilitate cooperation in vital technology sectors to strengthen the strategic partnership between India and the USA.
  2. Which of the following is NOT one of the key focus areas of the iCET?
    A. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
    B. Space Technologies
    C. Renewable Energy
    D. Semiconductors
    Correct Answer: C. Renewable Energy
    Explanation: While iCET focuses on areas such as AI, space technologies, and semiconductors, renewable energy is not specifically mentioned as a key focus area in the initiative.
  3. What challenge is associated with U.S. defense companies in the context of technology transfer under iCET?
    A. Lack of interest in foreign partnerships
    B. Autonomy regarding technology sharing and protecting intellectual property
    C. Inability to manufacture advanced technologies
    D. Insufficient funding from the government
    Correct Answer: B. Autonomy regarding technology sharing and protecting intellectual property
    Explanation: U.S. defense companies are often reluctant to share technology due to concerns about protecting their intellectual property rights and the need to prioritize shareholder interests.
  4. Which project under the iCET focuses on enhancing India’s defense capabilities through technology transfer?
    A. Development of electric vehicles
    B. Manufacturing of F-414INS6 engines
    C. Establishment of IT services
    D. Construction of railway infrastructure
    Correct Answer: B. Manufacturing of F-414INS6 engines
    Explanation: The iCET includes a project focused on India manufacturing F-414INS6 engines for its Tejas Mk-II aircraft, highlighting defense collaboration.

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