Hindu Editorial Analysis: 3-January-2024
Mohamed Muizzu, the President of Maldives, has brought about a significant shift in the country’s foreign policy by selecting Turkey as his first official foreign destination, a departure from the tradition of previous Maldivian leaders who prioritized India. This strategic move has implications for regional geopolitics and raises concerns about the future of India-Maldives relations.
Steps Taken by Maldives After Muizzu’s Assumption of Power
1. Diverging from Tradition
Muizzu broke with the norm by not choosing India as his initial foreign visit, signaling a departure from the ‘India First’ policy embraced by his predecessor, Solih.
2. Security Conclave Absence
Maldives abstained from participating in a crucial meeting of the NSA-level Colombo Security Conclave, where traditionally it has been an active member alongside India, Sri Lanka, and Mauritius.
3. Altering Military Cooperation
Muizzu declared his intention to revise the ‘India First’ policy and withdraw Indian military personnel from Maldives. Furthermore, the Maldives decided not to renew the hydrography cooperation agreement with India.
India’s Response and Concerns in Bilateral Relations
1. India’s Position
India expressed its preference for maintaining robust engagement with the Maldives. To secure its strategic interests, India responded by initiating funding for major connectivity projects within the Maldives.
2. Speculation of Chinese Naval Base
Speculation in India suggests China’s potential development of a naval base in the Maldives, raising concerns about China’s expanding influence in the region.
3. Political Instability and Economic Issues
Political instability in the Maldives, coupled with economic challenges, has strained relations. The Maldives faces an economic crisis, leading to delays in development projects and concerns about rising debt.
4. China’s Growing Influence
India is apprehensive about China’s increasing influence in the Maldives through infrastructure projects and loans, as part of the Belt and Road Initiative. China’s endeavors to settle border disputes in neighboring countries also contribute to regional tensions.
5. Terrorism and Extremism Concerns
Differences in approaches to countering terrorism and extremism exist between India and the Maldives. While India urges firm action, the Maldives maintains its distinct stance and concerns on the matter.
6. Tourism Diversification
The Maldives, traditionally dependent on India for tourism, is striving to diversify its market and reduce reliance on its southern neighbor.
Why In News
Mohamed Muizzu has opted for an ‘India-out’ policy by choosing Turkey as his first foreign destination, signaling a noteworthy shift in the foreign policy landscape of the Maldives, with potential implications for regional dynamics.
MCQs about Changing Foreign Policy: Mohamed Muizzu’s Shift to Turkey
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What is the significance of Mohamed Muizzu’s choice of Turkey as his first foreign destination?
A. Continuation of ‘India First’ policy
B. Departure from past Maldivian leaders’ traditions
C. Strengthening ties with India
D. Emphasizing economic cooperation
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Why did the Maldives abstain from participating in the Colombo Security Conclave?
A. Lack of interest in regional security
B. Non-membership in the security forum
C. Change in foreign policy under Muizzu
D. Scheduling conflicts
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What is India’s response to Muizzu’s altered military cooperation policies?
A. Withdrawal of diplomatic ties
B. Funding major connectivity projects in the Maldives
C. Declaring a military intervention
D. Imposing economic sanctions
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What is a key concern for India regarding China’s involvement in the Maldives?
A. Technological competition
B. Chinese military bases
C. Economic aid and development projects
D. Bilateral cultural exchanges
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