Hindu Editorial Analysis: 22-January-2024
India and Bangladesh share a deep-rooted relationship forged during the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War, where India played a crucial role in supporting Bangladesh’s fight for independence.
Economic Cooperation:
Bilateral trade has flourished, making Bangladesh India’s largest trade partner in South Asia, reaching $18 billion in 2021-2022. Despite a temporary setback in 2022-23 due to global events, the nations aim to enhance economic ties through a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA).
Infrastructure Development:
India, a major development partner, has invested over $7 billion in infrastructure projects, including the Akhaura-Agartala rail link and the Maitree Express connecting Kolkata with Dhaka. These initiatives not only boost connectivity but also foster economic growth in the region.
Agreements and Resolutions:
Historic agreements, such as the Land Boundary Agreement (LBA) in 2015 and a recent pact on sharing the waters of the Kushiyara river, highlight successful diplomatic efforts. Both nations are active members of regional trade agreements, ensuring cooperative economic frameworks.
Issues and Concerns in India-Bangladesh Relations
Teesta Dispute: The impending Teesta water-sharing dispute takes center stage, with Bangladesh seeking an equitable distribution of Teesta’s waters.
Rohingya Issue: Efforts for peaceful Rohingya repatriation face challenges, with Bangladesh seeking India’s cooperation to influence Myanmar, while India contends with its ties to the Myanmar junta.
Security Challenges: Cross-border terrorism and infiltration pose threats to internal security, while the rise of majoritarian forces adds complexity to the landscape.
China Factor: India expresses concern over the deepening Bangladesh-China relationship, marked by significant Chinese investments in Bangladeshi infrastructure, raising geopolitical considerations.
Why In News
The External Affairs Minister emphasized the significance of the bilateral relationship between India and Bangladesh, labelling it as a “model relationship” in the Indian subcontinent, highlighting the mutual commitment to fostering economic cooperation, cultural exchanges, and regional stability.
MCQs about India-Bangladesh Relations
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What was the primary factor shaping Bangladesh’s foreign policy after the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War?
A. Economic cooperation
B. Shared heritage and culture
C. Indian military support
D. Boundary disputes
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Which agreement, designed to enhance economic ties, was concluded between India and Bangladesh in 2022?
A. SAARC Preferential Trade Agreement (SAPTA)
B. Asia Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA)
C. Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)
D. Agreement on South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA)
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What is the primary focus of the Teesta water-sharing dispute between India and Bangladesh?
A. Distribution of trade benefits
B. Territorial boundary issues
C. Equitable sharing of Teesta’s waters
D. Counterterrorism cooperation
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Which factor raises India’s concern in its relationship with Bangladesh?
A. Bilateral trade growth
B. Regional trade agreements
C. Deepening relationship between Bangladesh and China
D. Successful resolution of the Land Boundary Agreement (LBA)
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