The G-20 is an international group of 19 countries and the European Union, representing 80% of the world’s GDP and 75% of global trade. India will assume the presidency of the G-20 in 2023, where it will have the opportunity to lead discussions on important issues, including climate change and the transition to a greener economy.
Energy Transition and the G-20
Since 2009, energy has been a key topic on the G-20 agenda as it is critical to achieving a sustainable global economy. G-20 signatory nations account for 80% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions and 75% of global energy demand. The G-20’s goal is to achieve net-zero carbon emissions, which was reaffirmed during Indonesia’s 2022 presidency.
Importance of Energy Transition
India’s net-zero goal by 2070 depends heavily on an energy transition, which is also crucial for preventing the worst effects of climate change. This transition poses several challenges, including geopolitical conflicts and environmental concerns. The energy industry is responsible for 90% of carbon dioxide emissions and 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions.
India’s Energy Interests and G-20
India has the potential to work with G-20 countries to implement renewable energy transition strategies. As the G-20’s president in 2023, India can forge international alliances to hasten the advancement and application of sustainable energy technology while ensuring access to electricity for low-income nations. Cooperation in providing equal access to affordable energy and a consistent supply of fossil fuels is another potential area of cooperation.
Steps for India
India can prioritize its energy transition goals by encouraging green development, climate funding, and technical advancement within the auspices of the G-20. India is already acting as a role model for other nations by exemplifying how environmental protection and economic growth can go hand in hand. The International Solar Alliance can support India in promoting solar energy adoption and investment in solar projects while gaining financial backing for its anti-climate change measures.
Why In News
India has taken over the presidency of the G20, a global consortium, for the year 2023. Notably, the G20 has placed significant emphasis on addressing climate change and promoting sustainable development, particularly through transitioning to greener economies. It is essential to comprehend the G20’s stance on energy transition and how to achieve a comprehensive consensus. This subject holds great significance for the IAS exam’s International Relations and Environmental segments.
MCQs about India’s Leadership in G-20 and Energy Transition
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What is the primary reason for an energy transition in India?
A. To prevent the worst effects of climate change
B. To achieve economic growth
C. To address geopolitical conflicts
D. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions
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What can India do to promote its energy transition goals within the G-20?
A. Encourage green development, climate funding, and technical advancement
B. Provide fossil fuels to low-income nations
C. Promote equal access to affordable energy
D. Implement renewable energy transition strategies
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How can the International Solar Alliance support India’s anti-climate change measures?
A. By providing financial backing for solar projects
B. By promoting fossil fuel consumption
C. By advocating for the use of nuclear energy
D. By supporting the use of coal-fired power plants
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