Hindu Editorial Analysis : 18-July-2024

With India aiming to become a developed country by 2047, it is essential to understand what defines a developed nation. This essay explores the characteristics of developed countries, the steps India needs to take, and the opportunities and challenges it faces.

Understanding Developed Countries

A developed country is often characterized by:

  • High Quality of Life: Citizens enjoy a comfortable standard of living.
  • Strong Economy: These countries have high Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Income (GNI) per capita.
  • Industrialization and Infrastructure: Well-established transportation networks, modern facilities, and efficient services are common.
  • Quality of Education and Healthcare: Access to quality services is widespread, ensuring a good quality of life.
  • Environmental Protection: Developed nations prioritize sustainability and clean energy.
  • Technological Advancements: Cutting-edge technology enhances everyday life and drives progress.

According to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), a country is classified as developed if it falls within the 75th percentile of the Human Development Index (HDI). The World Bank considers countries with a GNI per capita over $13,845 as high-income.

Steps for India’s Development

India has set ambitious goals to achieve developed country status by 2047, coinciding with its centenary of independence. Key areas of focus include:

  • Economic Growth: Sustaining a GDP growth rate of at least 8% is crucial. Projections suggest India could become the third-largest economy by 2030.
  • Infrastructure Investment: Modernizing roads, railways, and digital networks is essential for connectivity.
  • Education and Healthcare: Quality education and accessible healthcare must be prioritized to foster innovation and productivity.
  • Environmental Responsibility: India should adopt sustainable practices and clean energy solutions.
  • Inclusive Development: Addressing poverty and income inequality is vital to ensure no one is left behind.

Opportunities for India

India has unique opportunities to leverage its growth potential:

  • Demographic Dividend: A young population can drive economic growth if equipped with skills and education.
  • IT Sector: Continued investment in technology can bolster economic advancement.
  • Entrepreneurship: A thriving startup culture can generate jobs and innovation.
  • Global Partnerships: Collaborating internationally can facilitate knowledge sharing and accelerate development.

Challenges and Solutions

While pursuing developed status, India faces several challenges:

  1. Population Management: Sustainable strategies are needed to manage resource strain.
  2. Inequality and Social Justice: Addressing income disparities requires targeted policies for marginalized communities.
  3. Rural Development: With a significant portion of the population living in rural areas, balanced development is crucial. Empowering these communities through education and skill-building is essential.
  4. Bureaucracy and Corruption: Streamlining processes and promoting transparency will improve governance.
  5. Education Reform: Improving access and quality in education, including vocational training, is critical for development.
  6. Health and Sustainability: Addressing health challenges and ensuring sustainable practices are vital for long-term growth.
  7. Skill Development: Reskilling workers to meet future job market demands is imperative for economic success.
  8. Infrastructure and Connectivity: Continued investment in modern transportation and digital connectivity is necessary.

Why In News

With the recent announcement of India’s goal to become a developed country by 2047, the debate turns to what defines a developed country and the key parameters that must be prioritized, including economic growth, education, infrastructure, and social equity, to ensure sustainable progress.

MCQs about India’s Vision for Development by 2047

  1. What is one characteristic commonly associated with developed countries?
    A. High population growth
    B. Low Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
    C. Advanced technological infrastructure
    D. Limited access to healthcare
    Correct Answer: C. Advanced technological infrastructure
    Explanation: Developed countries are known for their advanced technological infrastructure, which enhances the quality of life and economic productivity.
  2. According to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), what percentage of the Human Development Index (HDI) distribution must a country exceed to be classified as developed?
    A. 50th percentile
    B. 60th percentile
    C. 75th percentile
    D. 90th percentile
    Correct Answer: C. 75th percentile
    Explanation: The UNDP classifies a country as developed if it falls within the 75th percentile of the Human Development Index (HDI).
  3. Which of the following is a critical area of focus for India to achieve developed country status by 2047?
    A. Reducing industrialization
    B. Enhancing bureaucratic processes
    C. Investing in infrastructure
    D. Limiting access to education
    Correct Answer: C. Investing in infrastructure
    Explanation: To achieve developed status, India must focus on investing in and modernizing infrastructure, as it is essential for economic connectivity and growth.
  4. What major challenge does India face in its pursuit of becoming a developed nation?
    A. Excessive resources
    B. Homogeneous population
    C. Inequality and social justice
    D. Low technological advancement
    Correct Answer: C. Inequality and social justice
    Explanation: Addressing income disparities and promoting social justice are significant challenges for India as it strives for developed status, ensuring that all citizens benefit from growth.

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