Daily Current Affairs : 3-April-2024
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) recently released a report titled “A Decade of Documenting Migrant Deaths.” This report commemorates ten years of the Missing Migrants Project (MMP), which was launched in 2014 to keep track of the deaths and disappearances of individuals during migration.
Key Findings
The report reveals alarming statistics about migrant deaths, especially among those from conflict-affected areas.
Highlights:
- High Risk: More than one in three migrants comes from countries experiencing conflict.
- Unidentified Deaths: Over two-thirds of the recorded deaths are of unidentified individuals.
- Causes of Death: Major causes include:
- Drowning
- Vehicle accidents
- Suffocation
- Lack of shelter
- Insufficient healthcare
Understanding Migration
Migration is the movement of individuals away from their usual place of residence, which can occur across international borders or within a single country.
Consequences of Migration:
- Cultural Exchange: Migration leads to an intermixing of cultures.
- Urban Issues: It contributes to urban overcrowding and the development of slums.
- Economic Impact: There is often a brain drain, where skilled individuals move from poorer to wealthier countries for better opportunities.
Initiatives to Address Migration
To manage migration effectively, several global and national initiatives have been launched.
Key Initiatives:
- Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM): A UN initiative aimed at ensuring safer migration practices.
- India’s Measures: Programs like the Pravasi Bharatiya Bima Yojana and pre-departure training for migrants.
About IOM
The IOM is an intergovernmental organization under the United Nations that provides services and advice on migration issues. Established in 1951, it originally aimed to help resettle people displaced by World War II. With 175 member states, including India, its headquarters are located in Geneva, Switzerland.
Important Points:
Report on GIFT IFSC
- Background:
- GIFT IFSC is being developed as a global finance and accounting hub.
- Initiated by a Ministry of Finance notification categorizing certain services under the IFSC Act of 2019.
- What is GIFT IFSC?
- Established in 2015 in Gujarat as a Special Economic Zone (SEZ).
- Focuses on serving international clients and facilitates cross-border financial activities.
- Opportunities for Growth:
- Strong technology-driven outsourcing capabilities.
- Large pool of skilled professionals in accounting and finance.
- Accounting and finance services recognized as a key sector for exports.
- Recommendations from the Expert Committee:
- Propose new regulations defining bookkeeping, accounting, taxation, and financial crime compliance services.
- Only registered companies or Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) should provide these services.
- About the IFSC Authority:
- Statutory body under the IFSC Act, 2019.
- Responsible for the development and regulation of financial products, services, and institutions in IFSCs.
IOM Report: A Decade of Documenting Migrant Deaths
- Introduction:
- IOM’s report commemorates ten years of the Missing Migrants Project (MMP) launched in 2014.
- Key Findings:
- Over one in three migrants come from conflict-affected countries.
- More than two-thirds of migrant deaths are unidentified.
- Major causes of death include drowning, vehicle accidents, suffocation, lack of shelter, and inadequate healthcare.
- Understanding Migration:
- Migration involves the movement of individuals away from their usual residence.
- Leads to cultural exchange, urban overcrowding, and brain drain.
- Initiatives to Address Migration:
- Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) under the UN.
- India’s initiatives like the Pravasi Bharatiya Bima Yojana and pre-departure training for migrants.
- About IOM:
- Intergovernmental organization under the UN, established in 1951.
- Aims to provide services and advice on migration, with 175 member states, including India.
Why In News
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) recently released a report titled “A Decade of Documenting Migrant Deaths.” This report commemorates ten years of the Missing Migrants Project (MMP), which was launched in 2014 to keep track of the deaths and disappearances of individuals during migration. Over the past decade, the MMP has highlighted the urgent need for improved safety measures and policy changes to protect vulnerable migrants on their journeys.
MCQs about IOM Report
-
What was the purpose of the Ministry of Finance’s notification related to GIFT IFSC?
A. To establish a new currency
B. To classify certain services as financial services
C. To increase taxation rates
D. To limit foreign investments
-
What year was the Missing Migrants Project (MMP) launched?
A. 2010
B. 2012
C. 2014
D. 2016
-
According to the expert committee’s recommendations, who should be allowed to provide bookkeeping and accounting services in GIFT IFSC?
A. Any individual
B. Registered companies or Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs)
C. Foreign firms only
D. Non-profit organizations
-
What is one of the major causes of migrant deaths identified in the IOM report?
A. Natural disasters
B. Drowning
C. Political instability
D. Economic recession
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