Daily Current Affairs : 25-June-2024

In October 2023, Kozhikode, a historic city located on the Malabar coast of Kerala, was recognized as India’s first UNESCO ‘City of Literature.’ This prestigious title acknowledges the city’s rich literary history, cultural contributions, and vibrant intellectual atmosphere.

Historical Significance of Kozhikode

Kozhikode, formerly known as Calicut, has a heritage that dates back centuries. In the medieval period, the city was ruled by the Samoothiris (also known as the Zamorins). Kozhikode was an important center for international trade, particularly in spices. It attracted traders from around the world, including Jews, Arabs, Phoenicians, and Chinese. Famous explorers like Ibn Battuta and Vasco da Gama visited the city, contributing to its rich cultural and historical landscape.

Literary Heritage of Kozhikode

Kozhikode’s literary scene has flourished over time. The city is home to over 500 libraries, and it boasts more than 70 publishing houses. These establishments contribute significantly to Kerala’s literary culture, making Kozhikode a hub for writers, poets, and intellectuals. In fact, the city is also known for its strong educational infrastructure, which supports the growth of literary talents.

In recognition of its cultural importance, Kozhikode was also given the title of ‘City of Sculptures’ in 2012, highlighting its contribution to the arts. The city’s literary achievements were further celebrated when June 23 was declared ‘City of Literature’ Day, a day dedicated to honoring its literary legacy.

Significance of the UNESCO Recognition

The UNESCO designation opens up new opportunities for Kozhikode. It will help promote cultural tourism, allowing visitors to explore the city’s rich literary and historical sites. The recognition also brings attention to the importance of preserving the city’s cultural heritage, ensuring that future generations can appreciate and build upon its literary traditions.

Important Points:

  • UNESCO Recognition: Kozhikode was named India’s first UNESCO ‘City of Literature’ in October 2023, highlighting its rich literary and cultural heritage.
  • Historical Background:
  • Located on the Malabar coast of Kerala, formerly known as Calicut.
  • Historically ruled by the Samoothiris (Zamorins).
  • An important center for spice trade, attracting traders from Jews, Arabs, Phoenicians, and Chinese.
  • Famous travelers like Ibn Battuta and Vasco da Gama visited the city.
  • Literary Significance:
  • Kozhikode has over 500 libraries and more than 70 publishers.
  • Known for its strong literary education infrastructure, fostering a rich intellectual environment.
  • Cultural Recognition:
  • The city was also named ‘City of Sculptures’ in 2012 for its contributions to the arts.
  • June 23 is celebrated as ‘City of Literature’ Day in Kozhikode.
  • Impact of UNESCO Recognition:
  • The designation opens up opportunities for cultural tourism and greater exploration of Kozhikode’s literary history.
  • Enhances the city’s ability to preserve and promote its cultural and literary heritage.
  • Overall Importance:
  • Kozhikode’s UNESCO recognition brings national and international attention to its literary and cultural contributions.
  • Promotes future growth and sustainability in the fields of literature, arts, and tourism.

Why In News

Kozhikode, Kerala, has been declared India’s first UNESCO ‘City of Literature’, a prestigious recognition that highlights its rich literary heritage, cultural contributions, and deep historical roots as a hub of intellectual and artistic exchange. This honor not only celebrates the city’s past but also promises to foster further growth in literature, education, and tourism.

MCQs about Kozhikode:India’s First UNESCO ‘City of Literature’

  1. When was Kozhikode declared India’s first UNESCO ‘City of Literature’?
    A. October 2022
    B. October 2023
    C. November 2023
    D. July 2023
    Correct Answer: B. October 2023
    Explanation: Kozhikode was officially designated India’s first UNESCO ‘City of Literature’ in October 2023, marking a significant recognition of its literary and cultural contributions.
  2. Which of the following historical facts is true about Kozhikode?
    A. It was ruled by the British during the medieval period.
    B. It was an important center for spice trade with the Phoenicians, Jews, Arabs, and Chinese.
    C. It was never visited by any foreign travelers.
    D. It was once known as Cochin.
    Correct Answer: B. It was an important center for spice trade with the Phoenicians, Jews, Arabs, and Chinese.
    Explanation: Kozhikode, historically known as Calicut, was a key trading hub for spices and was visited by famous travelers like Ibn Battuta and Vasco da Gama.
  3. What other cultural recognition did Kozhikode receive in 2012?
    A. City of Art and Culture
    B. City of Music
    C. City of Sculptures
    D. City of Heritage
    Correct Answer: C. City of Sculptures
    Explanation: In 2012, Kozhikode was honored as the ‘City of Sculptures’ due to its significant contributions to the arts, further emphasizing its rich cultural heritage.
  4. What is the significance of June 23 in Kozhikode?
    A. It marks the birth of a famous writer from the city.
    B. It is celebrated as ‘City of Literature’ Day to honor Kozhikode’s literary achievements.
    C. It is the day when Kozhikode was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
    D. It commemorates the arrival of Vasco da Gama in the city.
    Correct Answer: B. It is celebrated as ‘City of Literature’ Day to honor Kozhikode’s literary achievements.
    Explanation: June 23 is observed as ‘City of Literature’ Day in Kozhikode to celebrate its rich literary heritage and cultural significance after being recognized as India’s first UNESCO ‘City of Literature’.

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