Daily Current Affairs : 5-August-2023
Assam’s Manas Tiger Reserve, a haven of rich biodiversity and natural beauty, has been facing a critical issue – it is operating with a significant shortage of staff, amounting to 63% less than what is required. This essay delves into the significance of Manas National Park, highlighting its unique features, its milestones, and the challenges arising from the shortage of sanctioned staff.
Exploring the Wonders of Manas National Park
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, nestled in the heart of Assam, is a treasure trove of rare and endangered species. This sanctuary is a vital part of the Manas Tiger Reserve, encompassing the dynamic river channels of the Manas River. Notably, it holds the distinction of being a national park, a Project Tiger reserve, and an elephant reserve. The sanctuary shares its borders with Bhutan’s Royal Manas National Park, further contributing to its significance.
Biodiversity Marvels of Manas National Park
The sanctuary boasts a remarkable array of wildlife, including the elusive Assam roofed turtle, the hispid hare, the golden langur, and the pygmy hog – all of which are rare and endemic to the region. Additionally, Manas National Park is renowned for harboring a thriving population of wild water buffalo, adding to its ecological value. Its exceptional biodiversity, coupled with stunning landscapes and diverse habitats, has earned it the distinction of being a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a biosphere reserve. The name “Manas” derives from the Manas River, a crucial tributary of the Brahmaputra River, which flows through the heart of the national park.
Milestones in Manas’ Conservation Journey
The journey of Manas National Park’s conservation spans over a century, marked by significant milestones:
- 1905: The proposal to designate the area as a Reserve Forest is initiated.
- 1907: Manas is officially declared a Reserve Forest, recognizing its ecological importance.
- 1928: The area attains the status of a Game Sanctuary, aiming to safeguard its wildlife.
- 1950: Manas progresses to becoming a Wildlife Sanctuary, providing enhanced protection to its inhabitants.
- 1973: It is declared a Project Tiger Reserve, highlighting the importance of tiger conservation.
- 1985: UNESCO acknowledges its significance by declaring Manas Wildlife Sanctuary a World Heritage Site.
- 1987: The sanctuary receives the distinction of being declared a Biosphere Reserve, emphasizing its diverse ecosystems.
- 1990: The title of Manas National Park is bestowed upon the sanctuary, cementing its status as a protected area.
- 2003: Manas National Park expands its horizons by becoming the Chirang-Ripu Elephant Reserve under Project Elephant.
The Looming Staffing Challenge
Despite its remarkable achievements, Manas National Park faces a pressing challenge – a staggering shortage of staff. The current shortfall of 63% from the sanctioned staff is detrimental to the effective management and conservation efforts of the park. This scarcity hampers various critical aspects, including wildlife protection, habitat management, anti-poaching measures, and visitor management. The absence of adequate personnel can potentially lead to increased vulnerability of the park’s unique flora and fauna.
Important Points:
Exploring Manas National Park:
- Located in Assam, Manas Wildlife Sanctuary is part of the core zone of the Manas Tiger Reserve.
- It is a national park, Project Tiger reserve, and an elephant reserve.
- The sanctuary shares borders with Bhutan’s Royal Manas National Park.
- Houses rare and endangered species like the Assam roofed turtle, hispid hare, golden langur, and pygmy hog.
- Noted for its wild water buffalo population.
- Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site and biosphere reserve due to its biodiversity and scenic beauty.
Milestones in Conservation:
- Proposed as a Reserve Forest in 1905.
- Declared a Reserve Forest in 1907.
- Attained Game Sanctuary status in 1928.
- Elevated to Wildlife Sanctuary in 1950.
- Became a Project Tiger Reserve in 1973.
- UNESCO World Heritage Site designation in 1985.
- Designated a Biosphere Reserve in 1987.
- Renamed Manas National Park in 1990.
- Became Chirang-Ripu Elephant Reserve under Project Elephant in 2003.
Challenges Faced:
- Manas National Park operates with 63% less staff than required.
- Inadequate staffing affects wildlife protection, habitat management, anti-poaching efforts, and visitor management.
- Staff shortage threatens the unique flora and fauna of the park.
Why In News
Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam is currently grappling with a staggering 63% shortage in its sanctioned staff, posing a significant challenge to its conservation efforts. This staffing deficit undermines the reserve’s ability to effectively safeguard its diverse wildlife and preserve the precious ecosystems that thrive within its boundaries.
MCQs about Manas National Park
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What is the primary reason for the significance of Manas National Park?
A. Its large population of tigers.
B. Its diverse and endangered wildlife.
C. Its extensive network of hiking trails.
D. Its historical ruins.
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Which designation was bestowed upon Manas National Park by UNESCO?
A. World Heritage Site.
B. Biosphere Reserve.
C. Elephant Sanctuary.
D. Bird Watching Reserve.
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What is the main challenge faced by Manas National Park in terms of its staffing?
A. Overcrowding of tourists.
B. Shortage of vehicles for patrols.
C. Insufficient funding for infrastructure.
D. Severe shortage of staff.
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