Daily Current Affairs : 22-December-2023

Recently, captivating images of rare Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) have emerged over Scotland, northern England, and the West Midlands, sparking interest among weather enthusiasts and scientists alike. This article explores the fascinating world of PSCs, delving into their formation, unique characteristics, and the environmental impacts associated with their presence.

About Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSC):

PSCs, also known as nacreous clouds or mother of pearl clouds, derive their names from the captivating iridescence they exhibit. These clouds form under extremely cold conditions in the stratosphere, situated approximately 12-19 miles above the Polar Regions, towering above regular clouds. Notably, PSCs are composed of smaller ice particles compared to those found in common clouds, and it is these smaller particles that scatter light differently, resulting in their distinctive and mesmerizing iridescent appearance.

Formation and Timing:
  • PSCs are formed in frigid conditions unique to Polar Regions within the stratosphere.
  • Located at altitudes of 12-19 miles, they tower above conventional cloud formations.
  • The distinctive iridescence is a result of smaller ice particles scattering light in a unique way.
  • Typically, PSCs first make their appearance in January, adding a touch of ethereal beauty to the winter skies.
Impacts of Polar Stratospheric Clouds:

Ozone Depletion Indicator:

  • The frequency of PSCs serves as a crucial indicator of potential ozone depletion.
  • The presence of these clouds signifies environmental conditions conducive to ozone destruction.

Chemical Role in Stratosphere:

  • PSCs play a pivotal role in facilitating chemical reactions in the stratosphere.
  • They transform benign forms of chlorine into reactive, ozone-destroying forms.
  • Additionally, PSCs eliminate nitrogen compounds, enhancing the destructive impact of chlorine on the ozone layer.
Important Points:
  • About Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSC):
    • Also known as nacreous clouds or mother of pearl clouds.
    • Form in extremely cold conditions in the stratosphere, 12-19 miles above Polar Regions.
    • Composed of smaller ice particles, scattering light to create an iridescent appearance.
  • Formation and Timing:
    • PSCs formed in frigid conditions unique to Polar Regions.
    • Tower above conventional clouds at altitudes of 12-19 miles.
    • Distinctive iridescence results from smaller ice particles scattering light uniquely.
    • Typically first appear in January, enhancing the winter skies with their ethereal beauty.
  • Impacts of Polar Stratospheric Clouds:
    • Ozone Depletion Indicator:
      • Frequency of PSCs crucially indicates potential ozone depletion.
      • Presence signifies environmental conditions conducive to ozone destruction.
    • Chemical Role in Stratosphere:
      • PSCs play a pivotal role in facilitating chemical reactions in the stratosphere.
      • Transform benign forms of chlorine into reactive, ozone-destroying forms.
      • Eliminate nitrogen compounds, enhancing the destructive impact of chlorine on the ozone layer.
Why In News

Recently, weather watchers have captured images of rare Polar stratospheric clouds over Scotland, northern England, and the West Midlands, showcasing the ethereal beauty of these atmospheric phenomena that captivated both meteorology enthusiasts and local residents alike.

MCQs about Polar Stratospheric Clouds

  1. At what altitude do Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs) form?
    A. 5-10 miles
    B. 10-15 miles
    C. 12-19 miles
    D. 20-25 miles
    Correct Answer: C. 12-19 miles
    Explanation: PSCs form at altitudes of approximately 12-19 miles above Polar Regions.
  2. What role do Polar Stratospheric Clouds play in the stratosphere’s chemical processes?
    A. Enhance oxygen levels
    B. Convert benign forms of chlorine into reactive, ozone-destroying forms
    C. Decrease nitrogen levels
    D. Generate greenhouse gases
    Correct Answer: B. Convert benign forms of chlorine into reactive, ozone-destroying forms
    Explanation: PSCs facilitate chemical reactions, transforming benign forms of chlorine into reactive, ozone-destroying forms.
  3. Why are Polar Stratospheric Clouds considered an important environmental indicator?
    A. They cause global warming
    B. They predict earthquakes
    C. Their frequency is linked to potential ozone depletion
    D. They indicate heavy rainfall
    Correct Answer: C. Their frequency is linked to potential ozone depletion
    Explanation: The frequency of PSCs serves as a crucial indicator of potential ozone depletion, signifying environmental conditions conducive to ozone destruction.

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