Hindu Editorial Analysis : 21-July-2023
Quantum technology is a revolutionary field based on the principles of Quantum mechanics, which describe the behavior of atoms and elementary particles. This cutting-edge technology has the potential to solve various domestic issues and safeguard India from foreign security threats. It is already being applied in secure communication, disaster management, computing, chemistry, healthcare, and more.
Global Race for Quantum Technology
The race to harness the power of quantum has become a defining battleground between global superpowers, with the United States currently holding superiority. However, China is rapidly gaining momentum, particularly in quantum communications and technology patents.
India’s Current Capabilities
India already possesses modest quantum capabilities. For instance, a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) link covering 100 km has been demonstrated between Prayagraj and Vindhyachal by scientists from DRDO and IIT-Delhi. Additionally, the Indian Army has established a Quantum Computing Lab with support from the National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS) of India.
The National Quantum Mission (NQM): A Strategic Move
To strengthen India’s research and development in quantum technology, the National Quantum Mission (NQM) has been initiated. The Department of Science and Technology (DST) will lead this mission, focusing on developing quantum computers with increasing physical qubit capacities over the next eight years. The NQM aims to build quantum-based computers that can handle complex problems securely.
Thematic Hubs for Quantum Research
The NQM will establish four Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) in top academic and National R&D institutes, each dedicated to a specific domain of quantum technology. These T-Hubs will focus on generating new knowledge through research and development in their mandated areas.
Significance of NQM for India
The launch of NQM places India among the select few countries like the US, Austria, Finland, France, and China that have committed to a dedicated quantum mission. It signifies India’s strategic perspective and commitment to advancing in this cutting-edge field. The NQM is expected to have far-reaching benefits across sectors such as communication, healthcare, finance, energy, drug design, and space applications.
Workforce and Infrastructure Development
Investments in quantum materials and devices will generate a highly skilled workforce in India, supporting the country’s ambitious goal of becoming the world’s third-largest economy by 2027. Additionally, a robust material infrastructure will not only cater to quantum technologies but also contribute to other major scientific megaprojects, boosting national priorities like digital India, Make in India, Skill India, and sustainable development goals.
Challenges and National Security Concerns
While the potential of quantum technology is immense, it also poses certain challenges and security concerns. Quantum computing’s ability to break encryption could jeopardize the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data, posing risks to businesses and governments alike. The geopolitics of quantum technology may hinder international collaboration and create security and industrial capability asymmetries. China’s quantum advances raise concerns about cyberattacks on India’s digital infrastructure, especially considering the existing cyber threats from Chinese state-sponsored hackers.
Why In News
India must prioritize the swift development and integration of quantum technologies into its infrastructure, not only to address domestic challenges but also to bolster national security against potential foreign threats. By harnessing the power of quantum advancements, India can fortify its position as a technologically advanced and secure nation on the global stage.
MCQs about Strengthening India’s Quantum Technologies
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What is the main objective of India’s National Quantum Mission (NQM)?
A. To become the world’s leading exporter of quantum technology.
B. To strengthen India’s research and development in quantum technology and build powerful quantum computers.
C. To establish a dedicated quantum communication network across the country.
D. To promote international collaboration in the field of quantum technology.
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Which of the following countries is currently leading in quantum technology?
A. India
B. China
C. United States
D. Austria
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What are the four Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) established under the National Quantum Mission (NQM)?
A. Quantum Energy, Quantum Computing, Quantum Transportation, Quantum Communication
B. Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication, Quantum Sensing & Metrology, Quantum Materials & Devices
C. Quantum Healthcare, Quantum Finance, Quantum Environment, Quantum Space
D. Quantum Engineering, Quantum Robotics, Quantum Artificial Intelligence, Quantum Nanotechnology
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What are the potential challenges and security concerns related to quantum technology?
A. Lack of skilled workforce and infrastructure development
B. The risk of breaking encryption and cyberattacks on digital infrastructure
C. Limited applications in various sectors
D. Low global interest and investment in quantum research
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