Hindu Editorial Analysis : 9-August-2024
The recent crisis in Bangladesh poses serious risks to its relationship with India. This situation may hinder their growing trade ties and restrict the movement of people and goods. Moreover, it could stall discussions on a potential Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the two countries, which is crucial for their economic growth.
Recent Developments
Elections and Disconnect
The 2024 elections in Bangladesh highlighted significant issues:
- Opposition Boycott: Major political parties boycotted the elections, limiting democratic participation.
- Erosion of Human Rights: Concerns about human rights violations have increased, leading to public discontent.
- Economic Downturn: The economy is facing challenges, resulting in high youth unemployment.
These issues have created a growing disconnect between the government and the youth, who previously enjoyed economic benefits under Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina.
Student Protests
Student protests erupted due to these grievances. The government’s heavy-handed response to the protests, which included violence, deepened the rift between the people and the government. This situation has cast a shadow over Prime Minister Hasina’s leadership.
Bangladesh Army’s Role
Changing Landscape
In 2024, the role of the army has shifted. Unlike in 2007, when the army intervened to restore order, the current army leadership seems to support the people’s demands for democratic reforms.
- General Waker-uz-Zaman: The army chief faces the challenge of balancing public sentiment while maintaining order.
India’s Stakes
Historic Ties
India and Bangladesh share a rich history, culture, and language. Their relationship has evolved into a model for regional cooperation.
Recent Interactions
In 2024, both nations engaged in significant dialogues:
- High-Level Meetings: Prime Minister Modi and Bangladesh’s Foreign Minister Dr. Hasan Mahmud held discussions to enhance cooperation.
- Vaccine Cooperation: India promised timely vaccine availability for Bangladesh.
Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Discussions
In October 2023, discussions about an FTA began, aiming to reduce tariffs and enhance trade.
- Potential Benefits: A full FTA could boost Bangladesh’s exports to India by 182%. Enhanced transport infrastructure could increase exports even more, potentially reaching 297%.
Potential Impact
The departure of Prime Minister Hasina might stall FTA progress, impacting economic ties and market access.
Infrastructure and Connectivity
Growing Ties
India has invested in infrastructure projects in Bangladesh, including:
- Lines of Credit: India has provided $8 billion in credit for infrastructure development.
- Rail Links: The Akhaura-Agartala rail link has improved connectivity.
Uncertainty
With an interim government, the future of these infrastructure projects remains uncertain. Disruptions in Indo-Bangladesh ties could also affect regional stability, particularly for India’s access to its northeastern states.
Challenges for India
Stability and Fundamentalism
The crisis in Bangladesh has led to rising fundamentalist forces, posing challenges to regional stability. India needs to monitor these developments closely.
Refugee Crisis
Any instability could lead to a refugee crisis, impacting border security and straining resources in India.
Why In News
The recent crisis in Bangladesh could jeopardize its relations with India, affecting growing trade ties, restricting the movement of people and goods, and stalling a potential free trade agreement (FTA) between the two countries, ultimately threatening regional stability and economic collaboration.
MCQs about The Impact of Bangladesh’s Crisis on India-Bangladesh Relations
- What major event in 2024 contributed to the growing disconnect between the Bangladeshi government and its youth?
A. Natural disasters
B. The Opposition’s boycott of elections
C. Economic recovery initiatives
D. Increased foreign investments
- How did the Bangladesh Army’s role change from the 2007 crisis to the 2024 situation?
A. The army became more authoritarian.
B. The army intervened to restore order.
C. The army began to support the people’s demands for democracy.
D. The army withdrew completely from politics.
- What potential benefit was highlighted regarding the proposed Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between India and Bangladesh?
A. A reduction in transportation costs.
B. An increase in Bangladesh’s exports to India.
C. A decrease in tariffs for Indian imports.
D. Enhanced military cooperation between the two countries.
- What is a potential consequence of instability in Bangladesh, as mentioned in the essay?
A. Strengthened political ties with India.
B. An influx of tourists from India.
C. A possible refugee crisis affecting India.
D. Improved infrastructure development.
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