Hindu Editorial Analysis : 28-February-2024
Land management is crucial for sustainable development, especially in developing countries. It involves how land is used and cared for, which is primarily the responsibility of state governments. In many cases, land is privately owned, and land-use decisions are made by the owners according to constitutional rights. Land plays a central role in human activities, providing various ecological, economic, social, and cultural services.
The Multi-Dimensional Nature of Land
Unfortunately, the multi-dimensional aspects of land are often overlooked in management practices. This neglect can lead to serious issues, including:
- Excessive stress on land resources
- Land degradation
- Environmental degradation
Challenges in India
India faces significant land management challenges due to its unique geographical and demographic situation. Here are some key points:
- Geographical Constraints: India accounts for only 2.4% of the world’s geographical area but holds over 17% of the global population.
- Land Usage: Approximately 55% of India’s land is arable, while forests cover about 22%. The rest consists of deserts and mountains. Alarmingly, around 30% of the total land area is degraded.
Pressures on Land
The growing population, rapid urbanization, and increasing demand for infrastructure put immense pressure on land resources. This leads to several critical issues:
- Environmental Loss: Natural areas are shrinking, resulting in the loss of ecological functions. This not only threatens biodiversity but also affects livelihoods for those who rely on natural resources.
- Increased Vulnerability: The degradation of ecosystems compromises their ability to buffer against disasters like floods, droughts, and rising temperatures.
Management Practices in India
Current land management practices in India are often sectoral, with various departments adopting different approaches. This fragmentation creates several challenges, such as:
- Knowledge Gaps: Many stakeholders lack the information needed for effective land management.
- Short-Term Planning: There is a tendency to focus on immediate results rather than long-term sustainability.
- Regulatory Barriers: Existing regulations can hinder the implementation of effective land management strategies.
Why In News
The discourse of land resource management has witnessed a major shift, especially in developing countries, as they increasingly recognize the critical importance of sustainable practices to address the challenges of population growth and environmental degradation.
MCQs about The Importance of Land Resource Management
- What is primarily responsible for land management practices in India?
A. Central government
B. State governments
C. Private landowners
D. International organizations
- What percentage of India’s total geographical area is considered degraded land?
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 40%
- Which of the following is a consequence of the current land management practices in India?
A. Increased biodiversity
B. Enhanced ecological functions
C. Short-term planning bias
D. Improved livelihoods for all
- What challenge does India face due to rapid urbanization and population growth?
A. Decreased land usage
B. Improved environmental conditions
C. Increased pressure on land resources
D. Greater availability of arable land
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