The government of Punjab has recently cancelled 813 gun licenses across the state as part of its efforts to clamp down on the “gun culture” prevalent in the state. The possession of firearms in India is regulated by the Indian Arms Act of 1959, which replaced the erstwhile Act of 1878. Let us take a closer look at the provisions of the Act.
Who can possess firearms under the Indian Arms Act?
According to the Indian Arms Act of 1959, no one can acquire, possess, or carry any firearms in India without a license. The Act allows Indian citizens aged 21 years and above to get Non-Prohibited Bore (NPB) guns. Prohibited Bore guns can only be issued to defence personnel or persons facing imminent threats to life.
Grounds for granting a license
A license can only be granted for purposes of self-defence, crop protection, or sports. The Act prevents persons of unsound mind or those out on bond from getting such a license. Applications for the grant of arms license for NPB weapons are dealt with by the State Government/DM concerned. However, the Centre is also empowered to prohibit the possession and distribution of arms in certain “disturbed areas.”
1983 Amendment and 2019 Amendment
The Act bars one person from carrying more than three firearms after its amendment in 1983, except for licensed dealers, armed forces personnel, or members of licensed rifle clubs or associations. An amendment to the Act in 2019 reduced the number of permitted firearms from three to one and provided a period of one year to deposit the excess firearms. The amendment also increased the duration of validity of a firearm license from three to five years.
The Arms Rules, 2016
In 2016, the Centre issued new Arms Rules, 2016, superseding the Arms Rules, 1962. The rules required applicants for an arms license, rifle club, association, or firing range to complete a safety training course involving safe handling and carrying procedures. Provisions for granting restricted categories of arms to those living in militancy-hit areas and a decision on applications for arms licenses within two months were part of the rules issued by the Centre.
MCQs on Indian Arms Act and Regulations
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What is the maximum number of firearms allowed to be carried by one person under the Indian Arms Act, after the 2019 amendment?
A. Three
B. Two
C. One
D. None
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Who can acquire, possess, or carry firearms in India without a license under the Indian Arms Act of 1959?
A. Indian citizens aged 21 years and above
B. Members of licensed rifle clubs or associations
C. Defence personnel
D. No one
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Who can grant arms licenses for Non-Prohibited Bore (NPB) weapons in India?
A. The Central Government
B. The State Government/DM concerned
C. Licensed dealers
D. Armed forces personnel
