Hindu Editorial Analysis : 22-March-2024
The issue of electronic waste (e-waste) is growing rapidly across the globe. According to the Global E-waste Monitor 2024, published by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR), the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), and Fondation Carmignac, the statistics reveal a troubling trend.
Key Findings
In 2022, the world produced 62 billion kg of e-waste, and this figure is expected to rise to 82 billion kg by 2030. Some significant points from the report include:
- The generation of e-waste is increasing five times faster than the recycling rates.
- The 62 billion kg of e-waste consists of:
- 31 billion kg of metals
- 17 billion kg of plastics
- 14 billion kg of other materials (like glass and minerals)
Regional Insights
When we look at e-waste generation by region:
- Europe has the highest documented collection and recycling rate at 42.8%.
- Africa generates the least e-waste but faces challenges in recycling.
- Asia is a significant contributor, producing nearly half of the world’s e-waste (30 billion kg) but has limited e-waste management strategies.
Impacts and Challenges
E-waste is more than just trash; it poses serious health and environmental risks. Many electronic items contain harmful substances like mercury, which can affect human health, particularly the brain and coordination. Some challenges driving the increase in e-waste include:
- Rapid technological progress
- Higher consumption rates
- Limited options for repairing old devices
- Shorter product life cycles
- Growing reliance on electronics
- Poor e-waste management infrastructure
Global Policy Response
Efforts to combat this issue are underway, with 81 countries having adopted e-waste policies. Notable statistics include:
- 67 countries have legal provisions on Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for e-waste.
- 46 countries have set e-waste collection targets.
- 36 countries have established e-waste recycling rate targets.
Status in India
In India, the situation is evolving. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change updated the E-Waste (Management) Rules in 2022, which became effective on April 1, 2023. Key features of the new rules include:
- Improved EPR for e-waste recycling, requiring manufacturers and recyclers to register on a dedicated portal.
- Provisions to connect the informal recycling sector to formal processes.
- Mechanisms for environmental compensation and regular audits.
Why In News
The Global E-waste Monitor 2024, published by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR), the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), and Fondation Carmignac, a corporate foundation, provides crucial insights into the growing challenge of electronic waste and emphasizes the urgent need for effective global strategies to address this issue.
MCQs about Global E-Waste Crisis
- What was the amount of electronic waste produced globally in 2022, according to the Global E-waste Monitor 2024?
A. 42 billion kg
B. 62 billion kg
C. 82 billion kg
D. 31 billion kg
- Which region has the highest documented collection and recycling rate of e-waste?
A. Asia
B. Africa
C. Europe
D. North America
- What percentage of the world’s e-waste is generated by countries in Asia?
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 10%
- What significant update did India implement regarding e-waste management in 2022?
A. Abolished e-waste regulations
B. Introduced the E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2022
C. Increased e-waste production
D. Set no recycling targets
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