Daily Current Affairs :19-September-2023
The Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change recently celebrated the 29th World Ozone Day, a day marked to honor the signing of the Montreal Protocol in 1987. This international agreement aimed to phase out harmful Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS), and this year, the theme for World Ozone Day 2023 is “Montreal Protocol: fixing the ozone layer and reducing climate change.” In this essay, we will delve into the significance of the ozone layer, the achievements of the Montreal Protocol, and India’s proactive role in protecting this vital shield.
Understanding the Ozone Layer
The ozone layer, also known as the ozone shield, is a crucial region in Earth’s stratosphere. It plays a remarkable role by absorbing the majority of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Composed mainly of ozone molecules (O3), this layer exists in the stratosphere, situated between 15 to 35 kilometers above Earth’s surface. While ozone levels here are relatively small when compared to other atmospheric gases, their presence is vital for safeguarding life on our planet.
The Success Story of the Montreal Protocol
The Montreal Protocol and its subsequent amendments represent a remarkable success story in environmental protection. It has been instrumental in eliminating up to 99% of Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS), which are long-lasting man-made chemicals capable of destroying the protective ozone layer. Notably, the protocol’s impact has been substantial, with the ozone layer projected to return to 1980 levels over Antarctica by 2066, by 2045 for the Arctic, and by 2040 for the rest of the planet.
India’s Commitment to Ozone Layer Protection
India has been at the forefront of implementing the Montreal Protocol and has achieved significant reductions in ODS. Several noteworthy initiatives demonstrate India’s commitment to preserving the ozone layer:
India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP): To address the transition away from harmful refrigerants, improve energy efficiency, and promote technological advancements in cooling systems, India introduced the ICAP. This plan signifies a significant step towards minimizing the use of substances detrimental to the ozone layer.
The Kigali Amendment: India is committed to the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, which targets the reduction in production and consumption of high Global Warming Potential (GWP) hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). This commitment signifies a vital move toward phasing out substances that not only harm the ozone layer but also contribute to global warming.
Collaborative Efforts: India’s Ozone Cell collaborates closely with esteemed institutions like the Indian Institutes of Technology to foster research and development focused on low Global Warming Potential (GWP) chemicals. This partnership seeks to promote the use of environmentally friendly alternatives, thereby reducing the harm caused to the ozone layer.
Important Points:
World Ozone Day: Protecting Our Fragile Shield of Ozone
- World Ozone Day celebrates the signing of the Montreal Protocol in 1987.
- The 2023 theme is “Montreal Protocol: fixing the ozone layer and reducing climate change.”
Understanding the Ozone Layer
- The ozone layer absorbs the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
- It’s located in the stratosphere, 15-35 kilometers above Earth’s surface.
- Although ozone levels are small compared to other gases, they are crucial for life on Earth.
The Success Story of the Montreal Protocol
- The Montreal Protocol has eliminated up to 99% of Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS).
- Ozone layer recovery is expected by 2066 for Antarctica, 2045 for the Arctic, and 2040 for the rest of the planet.
India’s Commitment to Ozone Layer Protection
- India’s initiatives include the India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP) to transition away from harmful refrigerants, improve energy efficiency, and advance cooling technology.
- India is committed to the Kigali Amendment to reduce high Global Warming Potential (GWP) HFCs.
- Collaborative efforts with Indian Institutes of Technology focus on low Global Warming Potential (GWP) chemical research and development.
Why In News
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change celebrated the 29th World Ozone Day, commemorating the signing of the Montreal Protocol in 1987, which aimed to phase out Ozone Depleting Substances. This landmark international agreement has not only contributed to the recovery of the Earth’s ozone layer but also serves as a testament to global cooperation in addressing pressing environmental challenges. As we reflect on the progress made since its inception, it is a reminder of the importance of continued vigilance and innovation in preserving our planet’s vital protective shield for future generations.
MCQs about World Ozone Day
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What is the main purpose of the Montreal Protocol?
A. To reduce pollution in the atmosphere
B. To promote international trade in refrigerants
C. To eliminate harmful Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS)
D. To combat global warming
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What is the theme for World Ozone Day in 2023?
A. “Protecting the Environment”
B. “Reducing Greenhouse Gases”
C. “Montreal Protocol: fixing the ozone layer and reducing climate change.”
D. “Biodiversity Conservation”
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Which initiative in India focuses on transitioning away from harmful refrigerants and improving energy efficiency in cooling systems?
A. Indian Institutes of Technology collaboration
B. Kigali Amendment
C. India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP)
D. Ozone Cell research
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Where is the ozone layer located?
A. Troposphere
B. Exosphere
C. Stratosphere
D. Mesosphere
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